基于共形天线的阵列综合及DOA估计研究-电磁场与微波技术专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 摘 要 共形天线由于其能与任意载体表面相吻合而不影响载体的空气动力学等特 性，其应用越来越广泛，已经成为现代天线家族的重要成员。但由于共形天线特 殊的阵列形式和复杂的电磁特性，导致很多成熟的阵列综合和波达方向估计(DOA 估计)算法无法应用，因此共形天线的阵列综合及DOA估计问题就成为亟需解决的 问题之一。本文在共形天线的基础上，对共形阵上稀布阵列综合及DOA估计展开 研究。 本文首先研究了使用粒子群优化算法进行稀布天线阵列综合的基本原理，然 后利用粒子群优化算法(PSO算法)在副瓣电平最低的适应度函数下对非均匀对称 线阵、圆柱共形阵和二次曲面共形阵进行优化，获得了较好的效果。并利用优化 后的稀布阵进行DOA估计，与相同孔径下的均匀阵列进行了性能对比。 其次针对基于共形天线DOA估计的研究难点研究了基于子阵分割和内插技术 的ESPRIT类算法，将其应用于圆柱和圆锥共形阵，仿真结果表明了算法的有效性。 并研究了不需要内插的Generalized-ESPRIT算法，该算法不需要像ESPRIT算法那样 要求子阵具有旋转不变性，大大扩展了其应用范围，并与MUSIC算法进行了比较， 结果表明该算法有效，而且其运算效率高于MUSIC算法，并结合子阵分割法将其 应用于圆柱共形阵。 最后研究了基于PSO的单次快拍DOA估计方法，并将其应用于均匀直线阵、 圆锥直线共形阵、圆锥圆环共形阵、稀布共形阵以及圆锥共形面阵中，仿真结果 证明了算法的有效性，且具有较高的分辨力。 关键词：共形天线阵，阵列综合，DOA估计，PSO算法 I ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Conformal antenna, which can mount on the curved surface of arbitrary carrier without affecting the characteristics of the aerodynamic, has become an important member of the family of modern antennas. Its application is more and more widely. But the special form of arrays and complex characteristics of electromagnetic of conformal antenna make many sophisticated algorithms failed to apply. Hence sparse antenna array synthesis and DOA estimation of conformal antenna need to be solved exigently. In this thesis, sparse antenna array synthesis and DOA estimation based on conformal antenna are studied. Firstly, sparse antenna array synthesis using the particle swarm optimization algorithm is studied. Then optimized the symmetric linear array of non-uniform, cylindrical conformal array and quadric conformal array using PSO under the cost function of lowest sidelobe level is introduced, and achieved good results. The DOA estimation of optimized sparse array and uniform array with the same aperture is discussed. Secondly, the difficulties of the DOA estimation based on conformal antenna are discussed. To solve these problems, ESPRIT type algorithms based on subarray dividing and interpolated transformation are studied, which are applied to cylindrical and conical conformal array, and the sim