碱性白土PVC热稳定剂的表面改性及其应用-化学工程专业论文.docxVIP

单因素实验结果表明，碱性白土最佳表面改性条件为：硬脂酸用量为 单因素实验结果表明，碱性白土最佳表面改性条件为：硬脂酸用量为 3％，改性温度70 oC，改性时间为2～3 h；表征分析结果表明，改性过程 中，硬脂酸未进入膨润土的层间只在粉体表面反应生成了硬脂酸钙，既达 到了碱性白土有机表面改性效果，又使其在塑料加工温度范围内层状结构 保持不变，且经表面改性后碱性白土更稳定，其平均粒径为24．1岬；生 产成本估算为2708元／吨，售价定为4500元／吨。 聚氯乙烯糊树脂中添加碱性白土稳定剂，研究表明碱性白土明显提高 了PVC热稳定性，主要通过层间负载的氢氧化钙吸收中和HCI，可作为一 种长期型热稳定剂；当碱性白土的添加量少于5份时，其对材料的拉伸性 能影响较小，有较好力学性能；可提高材料的体积电阻率、绝缘性好；与 硬脂酸锌存在协同作用，改善了初期着色性，碱性白土3份时其最佳添加 量为O．2份；与市面上常用的热稳定剂对比，碱性白土稳定剂性能优于钙 锌热稳定剂，稍差于水滑石热稳定剂和铅盐热稳定剂，但其在价格上有明 显优势，是代替有毒铅盐热稳定剂和高价热稳定剂的潜在新型稳定剂，具 有广阔的市场前景。 通过填充聚乙烯的探索实验可知，经硬脂酸改性碱性白土可作为一种 填充剂。在添加量小于15份时，碱性白土拉伸强度优于添加同样质量的 重质碳酸钙，断裂伸长率比添加碳酸钙的差，但具有明显抑烟功能，有望 与卤素阻燃剂同时使用，降低发烟量，减少酸性气体释放。 关键词：聚氯乙烯热稳定剂碱性白土硬脂酸表面改性聚乙烯 填充剂 万方数据 SURFACE SURFACE MoDIFICATION AND APPLICATIoN OF ALKALINE CLAY PVC THERM睑L STABILIZER AB STRACT Polyvinyl chloride resin(PVC)is polymerized from vinyl chloride monomer，because of its unique flame resistance，abrasion resistance and weather resistance and other characteristics，has become general—purpose plastics．It is a significant material in people’S life．But there is unstable s由ructw．e iIl PVC，it will lead to the degradation of HCl and affect on material properties． So it is necessary to add the thermal stabilizer in fabrication of PVC．111e most commonly used heat stabilizers is lead salt stabilizers，metal soaps stabilizers， organotin stabilizers，hydrotalcite stabilizers．Due to the efficient and non—toxic stabilizers are expensive，SO cheaper but toxic lead salt stabilizer still occupy a certain market,when it is limited to use．In order to provide an efficient,non- toxic and inexpensive heat stabilizer，this paper explores the possibility of alkaline clay PVC heat stabilizer．Study the surface modification of the alkaline clay and its evaluation of application performance． 111is article was based on the preparation of high-capacity alkaline clay and it Was modified by stearic acid in the surface as the PVC thermal stabilizer． Activate the index and sedimentation volume in paraffm as evaluation index，the amount of ste撕