碱催化的碳酸聚乙烯醇酯海绵材料的制备及电性能的研究-有机化学专业论文.docxVIP

IR认证了膨胀石墨与碳酸聚乙烯醇酯的交联结构，还用SEM认证了膨胀石墨／碳酸聚乙 IR认证了膨胀石墨与碳酸聚乙烯醇酯的交联结构，还用SEM认证了膨胀石墨／碳酸聚乙 烯醇酯复合物海绵的多孔形貌。为了筛选出碱性膨胀石墨的最佳剂量，还调查了碱性膨 胀石墨的剂量对膨胀石墨／碳酸聚乙烯醇酯复合物海绵的保水性能的影响。反应条件为： H20用量为50．00mL，K2C03剂量为2．009，PVA剂量为9．009，DMC剂量为6．00mL， OP一10用量为4．50mL，反应温度为75。C，反应时间为2．5 h，正戊烷用量为5．00mL，在 这些基础上，以最大吸水率为依据，筛选出了利用酯交换一发泡技术制备碳酸聚乙烯醇 酯复合物海绵的最佳剂量：碱性膨胀石墨的剂量为1．609。 4．膨胀石墨／碳酸聚乙烯醇酯复合物海绵电性能的研究 用环境兆欧表(ACL800)测定了膨胀石墨／碳酸聚乙烯醇酯复合物海绵的表面电阻 值，研究了碱性膨胀石墨剂量对其表面电阻值的影响。在此基础上，发现了碱性膨胀石 墨的剂量为1．609时，其表面电阻值为4．36×10 70hms／sq。依照表面电阻值和防静电性 能的关系，确认了其是一种具有防静电性能的海绵。此外，还研究了相对湿度对其表面 电阻值的影响，发现了伴随着相对湿度的增加，其表面电阻值降低。 关键词：海绵碳酸聚乙烯醇酯碳酸二甲酯碱性膨胀石墨电性能 IV 万方数据 AbstractThe Abstract The preparation of the conventional polyvinyl acetal sponge generally needs to undergo two processes of condensation reaction and foaming．The condensation reaction process means that polyvinyl alcohol and aldehydes are condensed to polyvinyl acetal compounds under acid catalysis．The foaming process means that polyvinyl acetal compounds are foamed to polyvinyl acetal sponge through the action of aerating powder．Aldehydes are a class of high toxic organic compound．the polyvinyl acetal sponge prepared by aldehydes often contains free aldehydes which Can cause some damage to human health．In order to reduce the influence of free aldehydes inside polyvinyl acetal sponge on human health，the purpose of this dissertation is to prepare a sponge without free aldehydes．Therefore，aldehydes are replaced by dimethyl carbonate，and the condensation reaction is replaced by transesterification，and then polyvinyl alcohol carbonate sponge and expanded graphite／ polyvinyl alcohol carbonate composite sponge are prepared without free aldehydes in the dissertation．The research of entire dissertation consists of the following four aspects． 1．Preparation and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol carbonate sponge Under the alkaline catalysis of K2C03，polyvinyl alcohol carbonate was synthesized via a transesterification of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and dimethyl carbonate(DMC)；and then，the polyv