贾谊的政治理想研究-中国史专业论文.docxVIP

I I 贾谊的政治理想研究 摘 要：贾谊是西汉初期重要的政论家，他的作品文笔优美，思想内容深 刻。贾谊通过对秦朝灭亡的分析，得出了关于应该如何维持国家稳定的独到见 解。西汉初期盛行的黄老思想，在解决诸侯割据与匈奴入侵这两个威胁国家稳 定的问题时，表现出的软弱无力也深深触动了贾谊。鉴于此，贾谊提出了自己 的政治理想。 贾谊的政治理想从维护国家的统一稳定和社会的和谐出发，要求统治者应学 会正确的为君之道，并强调要善待普通百姓。本文结合西汉初期政治与社会的 实际情况，对贾谊的政治理想进行了概括梳理。 首先，针对汉初匈奴入侵与诸侯王国并存这两大问题，贾谊提出了大一统的 政治理想。其具体内容就是“众建诸侯而少其力”以及设“三表”、“五饵”。 其次，在实际处理社会民生问题时，贾谊提出了仁政理想，认为统治者应该善 待百姓。再次，贾谊注意到了君主在政治生活中重要作用，提出了明君的理想。 另外，贾谊也很重视对未来接班人的培养。贾谊的政治理想是其思想体系中最 精华的部分，在中国的历史长河中占有重要地位。 关键词：贾谊；政治理想；明君；仁政；大一统 Ⅱ Ⅱ Studying On Jia Yis Political Ideal Abstract：Jia Yi was an important political commentator in the early Western Han Dynasty. His political papers are wonderful and profound thinking. Jia Yi analysed the reasons for the demise of Qin Dynasty. According to these analyses, Jia Yi proposed his own views about how to maintain national stability. Huang Laos ideology, which was prevailing in the early Western Han Dynasty, was useless in solving vassals separation and Huns’ invasion. This situation touched Jia Yis heart deeply. Therefore, Jia Yi proposed his own political ideal. Jia Yis political ideal was committed to national unity and social harmony. According to his political ideal, monarchs needed to learn how to rule countries well. His political ideal also included governors should be kind to his subjects. This paper, which was based on political and social facts in the early Western Han Dynasty, generalizes Jia Yis political ideal. At first, to solve vassals separation and Huns’ invasion, Jia Yi proposed the ideal of unification. Its concrete content were weakening vassals power and carrying out “sanbiao” and “wuer” in the Huns. In the second, to deal with livelihood issues well, Jia Yi put forward ideal of benevolence. Governors should take good care of people, he thought. At last, Jia Yi attached great importance to monarch’s rule in politics. He raised the ideal of wisely monarch. Except this, Jia Yi also attached great importance to how to bring up a good crown prince. Jia Yis political ideal was