江西书院建筑形态研究-建筑学专业论文.docxVIP

华 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I I 摘 要 书院作为教化地方、化民成俗之所，始于唐，兴于宋，明清大为发展，以补官 学之所不能为己任，对中华民族传统文化的传播、发展以及人才的培养，起了重要 的作用，为我国古代主要的教育组织形式。书院建筑作为书院文化的载体，以满足 其“讲学、祭祀、藏书”三大主要功能为首要，形成了以讲堂、祭殿、藏书楼为中 心、其他附属建筑围绕他们设置的空间形态，在保留了传统建筑的共性特征的基础 上，与书院文化融为一体形成了极具人文特色的活动场所。 江西素有“物华天宝，人杰地灵”之美誉，是理学的发源地，又由于“崇文重 教”的政策及经济的发达，故而书院的建设数量位居全国之首，并以其建设之早、 分布之广、建筑形制之完整、教学体系之完善等因素对我国古代书院的发展产生了 深远的影响。然而，至今却没有专业人士对江西书院的建筑进行过专项研究，笔者 希望通过对江西地区书院的实例研究，能总结出江西书院建筑的形态特点，为现有 的书院的研究做一个补充。 笔者在文献资料的搜集与整理的基础之上，选取适当的研究方法，在对江西现 存的书院进行调研考察之后，以江西书院的发展史作为背景，从书院建筑的选址、 布局、平面形制、空间形态及装饰文化角度来阐述江西书院建筑的形态，将其与儒 家思想及封建的等级制度联系起来，分析书院文化的形成原因及其对书院建筑形态 的影响。此外，笔者将书院与学宫、私塾建筑进行对比，以突显江西书院的建筑特 色。 关键词：江西地区 书院建筑 建筑形态 II II Abstract Academy, as the main educational organization in ancient China, began in the Tang Dynasty, flourishing in song, Ming and Qing Dynasties for the developments, plays a vital role in Chinese traditional culture dissemination, development and personnel training.Also it made up what lack in the official schools. Academy as the carrier of the cultural academy to meet the three main functions of the lecture, ritual and collection of literature formed space form mainly with lecture hall, library and temple as the center and other subsidiary building around it. Based on keeping the common characteristics of the traditional architecture, it formed activity sites of human characteristics combining with academy’s culture. Jiangxi, as one of the original place of science, is known as natural treasures and outstanding celebrities. Because the Chongwen education policy and economic development, the number of Jiangxi academy ranks first in China, and exerted a far-reaching influence on the construction of the long, wide distribution, architectural form, the complete teaching system of perfect and other factors on the development of Chinas ancient academy. However, since there is no professionals conducted special research about Jiangxi Academy architecture, the author hopes to summarize the characteristics of Jiangxi Academy architec