城交通需求管理政策的适用条件及效果-交通运输系统工程与信息.PDF

第12卷 第5期 交通运输系统工程与信息 Vol郾12 No郾5 2012年10月 Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology October 2012 文章编号: 1009鄄6744 (2012)00鄄0179鄄06 城市交通需求管理政策的适用条件及效果 甘勇华* (广州市交通规划研究所,广州510030) 摘要:摇 针对我国城市化进程加快、机动化出行总量不断增加,交通建设空间越来越小, 由此引起的交通供需矛盾和环境污染日益突出等城市问题,从影响出行生成、出行方式 选择及出行路线和时间选择三方面,探讨适应我国国情、支撑和引导城市发展的城市交 通需求管理政策体系及其各种政策实施目的和手段.在此基础上,借鉴国内外成功案 例,系统分析了交通与土地利用协调发展、公共交通优先和道路拥堵收费等各种交通政 策的具体措施、适用条件和实施效果,从中得出发达的公共交通系统、先进的交通信息 化,以及多个政策组合形式实施是成功推行交通需求管理的共同特点. 关键词:摇 城市交通;交通需求管理;适用条件;实施效果 中图分类号:摇 U121 文献标识码:摇 A Applicable Conditions and Implementing Effect of Urban TDM Policy GAN Yong鄄hua (Guangzhou Transport Planning Research Institute,Guangzhou510030,China) Abstract:摇 Because of the accelerating the process of urbanization,sharp increase of the motorized travel volumes,and lesspotentialfortransportationconstruction,theurbantrafficproblemsenvironmentalpollution has attracted considerable attentions. This paper discusses the urban traffic demand management (TDM) policy systemof China,anditsimplementationobjectivesandmeasures. Itispresentedfromthreeaspectsof affecting travel generation,travel mode choice and the choices of travel route and time. It also investigates successful cases both in China and other countries爷 cities爷, The measures, applicable conditions and implement effects of eachkindof trafficpoliciesisanalyzedsystematically,such ascoordinateddevelopment of transport andlanduse,publictransportpriority,roadcongestionpricing. Well鄄developedpublictransport system,a