我国青年职业教育研究者研究成果综述20122014-Cedefop.PDF

Vocational and technical education in China: Efforts for skills matching Zhao Changxing Central Institute for Vocational and Technical Education, China I. Characteristics of TVET China • Largest run by Education: slow to react to demand • Central control: indispensable for reducing skills gap II. Efforts for skills matching • Strategies/plans • Policies/regulations • Actions / interventions III. A study in some industries • High-speed rail • Electronic and information • Automobiles IV. Challenges • Mismatching persisting • Perception • Limited involvement of enterprises Total Students in 2015 in China post-graduate=1.9million higher ed=26million senoir secondary=41million general education vocational education junior secondary=43million primary=97million 0 100000000 150000000 I. Characteristics of TVET system in China Variety: Largest TVE in the world: 16.74 million students in 11500 senior secondary vocational schools and 10.49 million in 1341 vocational colleges in 2015. Parallel : integral vocational Education at secondary and tertiary levels Qualification: E by Education and T by HR Public nature: governmental planning II. Recent efforts for skills matching 1. National strategies/plans: to make education more relevant • Action plan for the development of vocational higher education(2015-2018) in November 2015; • Vision 2030: modern TVET system in 2016; 2. Policies/Regulations: to urge schools to meet skills needs • Governmental suggestions on transformation of local universities into application-oriented universities, in May 2015; 600 univ