第三讲 语言理与翻译对等.pptVIP

语言理解与翻译对等 提纲 意义的七种类型 语言的理解 翻译中的对等关系 作业 词义的七种类型 概念意义（Conceptual Meaning） 词的基本意义；词典中收录的意义；稳定性、明确性和有限性；理解一致，语言交际功能的基础。 联想意义（Association Meaning） 内涵意义（Connotative Meaning） 语境中所隐含的文化背景信息；相同概念可有不同内涵，译文需表达出内涵意义 社会意义（Social Meaning） 社会环境中语言使用的意义 感情意义（Affective Meaning） 人们表达感情或态度的意义 联想意义（Reflected Meaning） 通过与同一个词语的另一意义的联想来传递的意义 搭配意义（Collocative Meaning） 通过经常与之同时出现的词语的联想来传递的意义 主题意义（Thematic Meaning） 通过信息的组织方式（语序、强调手段等）多传递的意义 Please try to translate the following two paragraphs into Chinese, and think over the differences betweenthem. Five teenagers were loitering on the corner. As their raucous laughter cut through the air, we noticed their sloppy black leather jackets and their greasy dyed hair. They slouched against a building with cigarettes dangling contemptuously from their mouths. Five youngsters stood on the corner. As the joy of their laughter filled the air, we noticed their smooth loose-fitting jackets and the gleam of their colorful hair. They relaxed against a building smoking evenly on cigarettes that seemed almost natural in their seriousyoung mouths. 通过了解文本信息和背景知识，努力揣摩作者的意图，把握好作者的口吻，最终用恰当的方式表达出来。 联想意义的把握首先离不开对概念意义的准确理解，译者在理解概念意义时，对于没有把握的词语一定要查英英词典。 如 raucous 在英汉词典中大多解释为“沙哑的、粗声的”；而英英词典的解释为“unpleasant loud and harsh”。因此“raucous laughter”翻译为“粗野的笑声”比“沙哑的笑声”更贴近原文的意义。 一个词语的概念意义往往有很多，须结合语境找出最恰当的意义 Para. A Five teenagers were loitering on the corner. As their raucous laughter cut through the air, we noticed their sloppy black leather jackets and their greasy dyed hair. They slouched against a building with cigarettes dangling contemptuously from their mouths. 五个小青年懒散地站在街角，粗野的笑声刺破了空气中的宁静。我们注意到，他们身穿黑色皮夹克，看上去邋里邋遢，染色的头发油乎乎的。他们懒洋洋地斜靠着大楼，嘴里叼着烟卷，一副蔑视一切的样子。 Sloppy-loose fitting so as to be casual and comfortable: a big sloppy sweater(没有任何贬义) Five youngsters stood on the corner. As the joy of their laughter filled the air, we noticed their smooth loose-fitting jackets and the gleam of their colorful hair. They relaxed against a building smoking evenly on cigarettes th