毕业设计（论文）-普通车床的数控化改造.docVIP

PAGE I 普通车床的数控化改造 摘 要：本文主要对卧式车床CA6140改造成经济型数控车床进行设计。对卧式车床进行数控化改造，主要是将纵向和横向进给系统改造成为微机控制的、能独立运动的进给伺服系统；将手动刀架换成能够自动换刀的电动刀架。这样，利用数控装置单片机，车床就可以按预先输入的加工指令进行切削加工。由于加工过程中的切削参数、切削次序和刀具都可以按程序自动进行调节和更换，再加上纵、横向的联动进给功能，所以，改造后的车床就可以加工出各种形状复杂的回转零件，并能实现多工序集中车削，从而提高生产效率和加工精度。 关键词：数控，车床，改造，步进电机 Numerical Control Reform Of Ordinary Lathes Abstract：This paper mainly carries on the design to economical CNC lathe CA6140 transformation of horizontal. NC transformation of lathe, mainly to the longitudinal and transverse feed system transformation can be feed servo system controlled by microcomputer, the independence movement; the manual tool for electric tool can automatically change the knife. So, using the numerical control device for single chip microcomputer, it can be machined by lathe processing instruction input in advance. Because the cutting parameters, the cutting process of order and the cutting tool can automatically adjust and change procedures, coupled with the vertical and horizontal linkage function of feed, so that after the transformation of the lathe can machine rotary parts with complicated shape, and can realize the multi process of turning, thereby improving the production efficiency and processing precision. Keywords: Numerical Control， machining，improvement，step motor PAGE II 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u TOC \o 1-3 \h \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc28213 1 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc28213 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc30346 1.1课题背景 PAGEREF _Toc30346 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc30112 1.2机床改造的内容及意义 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc25484 1.2.1研究意义 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc32238 1.2.2主要研究内容及技术路线 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc20805 1.3 机床的经济型数控化改造主要解决的问题 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc17151 2数控系统的选择 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc28931 2.1步进电机拖动的开环系统 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc18957 2.2异步电动机或直流电机拖动，光栅测量反馈的闭环数控系统 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3998 2.3交/直流伺服电机拖动，编码器反馈的半闭环数控系统 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc7950 3机械部分的改造 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc6595 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc28213 3.1 滚珠丝杠的选择 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc30346 3.1.1滚珠丝杠副的特点 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc30112 3.1.2 纵向滚珠丝杠螺母副的型号选择与校核步骤