大卫·李嘉图作品选·政治经济学及赋税原理(三)(英文)_[英] 大卫·李嘉图.pdfVIP

大卫·李嘉图作品选 政治经济学及赋税原理(三) [英] 大卫·李嘉图 著 辽宁电子图书有限责任公司 [英] 大卫·李嘉图 辽宁电子图书有限责任公司 120千字 2002121 200212 1 ISBN L-YY-0243 \F820.2 5 Chapter 17 Taxes on Other Commodities than Raw Produce ON the same principle that a tax on corn would raise the price of corn, a tax on any other commodity would raise the price of that commodity. If the commodity did not rise by a sum equal to the tax, it would not give the same profit to the producer which he had before, and he would remove his capital to some other employment. The taxing of all commodities, whether they be necessaries or luxuries, will, while money remains at an unaltered value, raise their prices by a sum at least equal to the tax.(32*) A tax on the manufactured necessaries of the labourer would have the same effect on wages as a tax on corn, which differs from other necessaries only by being the first and most important on the list; and it would produce precisely the same effects on the profits of stock and foreign trade. But a tax on luxuries would have no other effect than to raise their price. It would fall wholly on the consumer, and could neither increase wages nor lower profits. Taxes which are levied on a country for the purpose of supporting war, or for the ordinary expenses of the State, and which are chiefly devoted to the support of unproductive labourers, are taken from the productive industry of the country; and every saving which can be made from such expenses will be generally added to the income, if not to the capital of the contributors. When, for the expenses of a