基于声品质的单缸汽油机辐射噪声预测与优化-动力工程及工程热物理专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要 中文摘要 万方数据 万方数据 噪声主观感受日益受到重视，发动机作为车辆的主要噪声源，其声品质的设 计和控制已成为一项重要研究内容，不可忽略。 本文以 156FMI 发动机为研究对象，以发动机的缸内压力为原始激励，模拟 仿真发动机的结构辐射噪声，计算发动机辐射声场参考点的声品质。确定对整机 辐射噪声声品质影响较大的部件，通过改变这部分部件的结构，研究结构改变对 发动机整机结构辐射噪声声品质的影响。 适当简化三维模型特征，划分网格、建立有限元模型、模态缩减和建立多体 动力学模型，计算发动机表面网格节点的振动速度。 建立噪声辐射模型，利用发动机表面振动速度建立边界条件，利用边界元法 计算发动机辐射声场，获得声场中指定点的噪声信号，计算这些噪声的响度、尖 锐度、粗糙度、波动度和烦恼度等心理声学参数。 对 5 个部件单独进行仿真，得出声品质较恶劣的部件是左侧盖和右侧盖。为 验证基于声品质的声源模拟识别结果，选定缸盖和左侧盖，计算二部件近场辐射 噪声声品质，对比各近场测点，确定结构修改方案。 修改缸盖和左侧盖的结构使二部件各自的辐射噪声声品质均有明显改善。单 独修改左侧盖比仅修改缸盖对发动机整机噪声品质改善更为明显。验证了基于声 品质的单缸汽油机的辐射噪声预测与优化的可信性。研究过程中探索了以心理声 学指标为核心的模拟计算方法，这些方法和主要结论可用于进一步改善声品质工 作中。 关键词：单缸汽油机；声品质；边界元；心理声学参数；仿真 I A Abstract The noise subjective feeling about the car’s sound of a man affects his choice when he choosing a car. The engine, as the main noise sources of an automobile, its sound quality design and control become an essential factor to be researched. In this paper, 156FMI engine is the research object, and the engine cylinder pressure is the original motivation, and the structure radiation noise of the engine is simulated, then the sound quality of the field points is computed. The components affected the whole engine radiation noise quality more were determined, through changing the structure of these components, the influence from the structure modification to engine radiation noise sound quality is researched. The finite element model is established after the model was simplified, and then the modal reduction is finished. The multi-body dynamics model is built. Then the engine surface grid nodes’ vibration velocity is computed. The engine radiation noise model is set up. The surface grid nodes’ vibration velocity is imported to the model to build the boundary condition, and then the engine radiation sound field is calculated with the boundary element method. The noise signal of the specified points of the sound field can be processed to calculate the psychoacoustic parameters such as Loudness, Sharpness, Roughness, Fluctuation Strength and Psycho