基于声磁同步法的电缆故障定位-信息与通信工程;通信与信息系统专业论文.docxVIP

华北电力大学硕士学位论文 华北电力大学硕士学位论文 - - I - 摘 要 时代在进步、社会在发展、城域网地改造也得到实施，在城域网改造过程中电 力电缆也得到广泛的应用。虽然电缆供电比架空线路供电有很多优势，但是电缆故 障定位比架空线路故障定位困难的多，这就意味着我们需要找到有效的电缆故障定 位方法，以便及时排除故障，恢复供电。本文查阅了大量资料，基于对目前的电缆 故障定位方法的了解，认为声磁同步法对于电缆故障的排除是一种有效的方法，所 以本文采用此方法来精确查找电缆故障点所在的位置。声磁同步法的原理是利用 声、磁信号的检测时间差来定位故障点的位置。首先利用高压脉冲发生器使电缆故 障点放电，故障点会同时产生―啪啪‖的声响与电磁波辐射，由于这两个信号的传播 速度不同，因而到达检测器的时间存在差异。其次，由于电磁信号的传播速度接近 光速因此可忽略其到达检测器的时间，将检测到电磁信号的时间点作为计时起始时 间，当声音信号到达检测器就停止计时，以此时间差作为声音信号的传播时间，依 据距离公式 L=1/2（T*V）来定位故障点位置。 本文设计了基于 C8051F310 单片机的高压脉冲信号发生器和精确定位系统，利 用声音和电磁传感器使声磁同步法电缆故障定位切实可行；论述了高压脉冲发生器 的整体设计原理及流程；介绍了声磁同步原理、电缆故障精确定位的整体设计理念 及框图、各部分硬件电路模块的设计原理；实现了整个软件流程图和程序的编写。 通过实验验证了此方法进行故障定位的可行性。 关键词：电力电缆；高压脉冲；故障测距；电磁信号；声音信号 - - II - Abstract With the social development and Era progress, the MAN reconstruction has also been implemented.The power cable has also been widely used in the MAN reconstruction process. Although the power cable has more incomparable advantages than the overhead power line supply , the cable fault location is more difficult than the overhead line fault location , which means we need to find an effective method of the cable fault location for timely troubleshooting to restore power. In this paper we decide to adopt the synchronous method of the magnetic and sound through examining a large amount of literatures , for it being an effective way to pinpoint currently . This method uses the time difference of receiving the magnetic and sound signals to locate the position of the failure point . First,we use the high-voltage pulse generator to make the cable fault point discharge ,which will has a flap sound and electromagnetic radiation , but the time to reach the detector is different due to the different propagation velocity of these two signals . Since the propagation speed of the electromagnetic signals is close to the speed of light ,the time of reaching the detector can be ignored.Secondly,we make the time point of receiving the electromagnetic signal as a start timing , when the sound signal reaches t