外界环境温度.doc

埋地含蜡原油管道停输后管内原油温度场变化规律研究 李玉春 大庆油田工程有限公司 摘要： 为准确把握埋地含蜡原油管道停输过程中管内原油温度场的分布和温降规律，建立了合理的管道-土壤-大气环境耦合的物理模型，并通过土壤恒温层理论进行简化，利用显容法建立合理的数学模型。综合考虑管内原油在停输过程中物理性质随温度的变化，以及析蜡过程中释放的析蜡潜热的影响，数值模拟埋地含蜡原油管道停输后管内原油温度场的分布以及温度变化过程，分析影响原油温降和温度场分布的因素。结果表明，管内原油初始油温越高，到达凝点时间越长，允许停输时间就越长；外界空气环境温度越高，管内原油与其温度差越小，管道散失的热量就越少，温降越缓慢；土壤的导热系数越大，热量在土壤中的传递速度越快，温降越快，保温效果越差。 关键词：含蜡原油；停输再启动；析蜡潜热；数值模拟 Research on change law of crude oil temperature field inside waxy crude oil pipeline after shutdown. Abstract:In order to accurately grasp the distribution and temperature drop law of crude oil temperature field in waxy crude oil pipelines after shutdown, a reasonable coupling physical model between pipeline, soil and atmosphere environment is established and then simplified according to the soil constant temperature layer theory, and the reasonable mathematical model is established by heat capacity method. The variation of physical properties with temperature in shutdown process of crude oil is comprehensively considered, and the influence of latent heat of wax precipitation during the precipitation process is considered as well. The distributions of temperature field and change law of temperature during the shutdown process are numerical simulated, and the factors affecting the temperature drop and temperature distribution of crude oil are analyzed. The results show that the higher the initial temperature of the crude oil in pipeline is, the longer the time to reach the condensation point is, and the longer the time that allows to stop transportation is; the higher the outside air environment temperature is, the less the pipeline heat loss is, and the slower the temperature drop is; the bigger the soil heat conductivity is, the faster the transmission speed of heat in the soil is, the faster the temperature drop is, and the poorer the heat preservation effect is. Keywords:waxy crude oil; hot oil pipelines;latent heat of wax precipitation;numerical simulation 我国原油大多具有高含蜡、高凝点的特性[1]。为保证安全运行常采用加热的输送方式，以避免凝管事故的发