广东池养梭鱼器官的形态学和组织学研究及其营养成分评价-水产养殖专业论文.docxVIP

II II 鱼肾小管上皮细胞的结构特点，将肾小管划分为颈段(NS)、第一近曲小管( PⅠ)、 第二近曲小管( PⅡ)和集合管(CS)4个部分。颈段(NS) 为立方上皮，P Ⅰ、P Ⅱ 细胞柱状, 有丰富的刷状缘。由肾小管超微结构显示，第一近曲小管重吸收作用 最强。 试验四 本试验对广东池养梭鱼肌肉中一般成分(水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分)、 氨基酸、脂肪酸、营养元素进行了测定，并做了较为全面的分析和比较。结果表 明,其肌肉鲜样中水分含量为 76.9 % ,粗蛋白含量为 20.2 % ,粗脂肪含量为 1.2 % , 灰分含量为 1.13%。肌肉中 18 种氨基酸的总量为湿重的 19.43 %。其中,8 种必 需氨基酸的总量占湿重的 8.77% ,占氨基酸总量的 45.14 %,必需氨基酸与非必需 氨基酸的比例为 97.23 % ,符合 FAO/ WHO 的标准。梭鱼的第一、二限制性氨基 酸分别为缬氨酸和蛋氨酸+胱氨酸,必需氨基酸指数( EAAI) 为 61.56。梭鱼肌肉 中含有 22 种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,与饱和脂肪酸的比例约为 3∶1；EPA + DHA 的含量占干重的 5.92% ,高于其他一些经济鱼类；梭鱼微量元素的比例合 理。总之，梭鱼是一种营养均衡且营养价值相对较高的广盐性鱼类，具有进一步 开发和推广的潜力。 关键词：梭鱼，鳃结构，消化道，肾脏，肌肉成分 III III Studies on the Morphology and Histology of Organ and Nutrients Evaluation of Liza haematocheila Pond Culture in Guangdong Province Experiment 1: ABSTRACT The histological，surface and internal fine structures of gill filaments of Liza haematocheila were investigated using light，scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that there were 4 pairs of holobranch，each gill filament included branchial arch、primary filament、secondary filament and gill raker. The surface structure and ultrastructure of gill filaments and secondary gill lamellae of Liza haematocheila were similar to those of other teleosts.The surface of primary filament had various features such as regular or irregular circular microridges, indentations, micropits and crevices.The primary filaments were divided into respiratory area and non-respiratory area.The respiratory area of filaments was folded, and its epithelial cells had no microridge but folded surface. Various features such as indentations ， micropits and crevices were present on non-respiratory area of filaments,and its epithelial cells had regular fingerprint shape microridges.The secondary filaments,the main respiratory,were consisted of basement membranes,epithelial cells,endothelial cells,pillar cells and capillary vessels.Chloride cells were frequently found in primary filament and secondary filament,and they often se