锅炉受热面管的状态评估及预防研究-化学工程专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 上海师范大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要 摘要 长期以来，如何解决受热面的失效问题，成为了锅炉从业人员迫在眉睫的问题。由于 锅炉爆炸的危险性极大，会导致人身伤亡事故的发生，目前已经引起世界各国的高度重视。 并通过制定和完善相应的法律和法规进行规范。我国的锅炉安全监察属于质监部门监察机 构，由国务院授权，依据相关一系列法规，监督检查锅炉的设计和使用等各个环节，基于 立法前提， 依托许可等行政和技术手段，实施正常的管理和监督有关锅炉的相关环节活动。 我国是由不同部门对工业锅炉与电站锅炉进行分别管理，本文是把两方面的特点结合起来 展开研究的，以下成果为具体体现： (l)在对国内外经验进行借鉴基础上， 以锅炉受热面管为着重点，分类其主要失效模式， 以大量图片为载体，使各种失效机理的描述更加直观化。这种分类达到了把工业锅炉和电 站锅炉都涵盖其中的效果， 与锅炉监察需要适应，也与检验工作需要相适应。 (2)与工程经验结合，针对工业锅炉各种失效状况，给出了预防措施，并把出现在一些 新炉型问题，也给出了解决的方法，在判断高温损伤上，提出了自己的见解，社会效益和 经济效益较好。 (3)在对现有研究成果梳理的基础上，把电站锅炉受热面管失效模式提出来，针对水冷 壁和过热器等展开分别研究，主要以其工作状态和预防措施以及损坏原因等为着重点，把 检验工作重点提出来，发挥了较好的指导检验和生产作用。 关键词 锅炉 受热面管 状态评估 失效 预防 研究 I Abstract Shanghai Normal University Master of Philosophy Abstract For a long time, how to solve the heating surface failure, become the boiler practitioners imminent problem. Due to the explosion of the boiler risk greatly, will lead to the occurrence of casualty accidents, at present has caused all the countries in the world attach great importance to. And through establishing and perfecting the corresponding laws and regulations to regulate. The boiler safety supervision belongs to the quality supervision departments of supervision mechanism, authorized by the State Council, on the basis of a series of related laws and regulations, supervision and inspection of boiler design and use of each link, based on the premise of the legislation, relying on the licensing administrative and technical, the implementation of the normal management and supervision of boiler related activities. Our country is by Different departments were management of industrial boiler and power plant boiler, this paper is to combine the two aspects of the characteristics of the study, the following results are embodied: Categories of heating surface tubes main failure modes, and industrial boilers and power station boilers combined with their own characteristics of the various failure mechanisms systematically study concluded, thus, in theory, establish guidance plays a heati