人居生态环境评价中的生态辐射模型研究.PDF

中国环境科学 2010,30(2) ：279~283 China Environmental Science 人居生态环境评价中的生态辐射模型研究 ——以深圳市龙岗区为例 解宇峰 1*,李德波 1,马晓明 2,张书海 3 (1.环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏 南京 210042 ；2.北京大学深圳 研究生院,广东 深圳 518055 ；3.北京大学城市与环境学院,北京 100871) 摘要：当前研究者往往是把生态用地质量评价同人居环境质量评价各自分隔开来进行研究,而没能很好的把二者结合起来.本研究将生态 辐射的概念引入人居生态环境评价中,利用 GIS 技术构建了生态辐射模型,并以深圳市龙岗区为例进行了分析.在生态辐射模型中将城市用 地分为生态用地和建设用地两类, 以建设用地作为人居用地来进行研究.对不同大小的生态用地斑块提出不同的服务半径,作为生态用地的 辐射范围,其大小决定于生态用地的斑块大小和土地类型.模型计算结果显示,生态用地分布较为均匀的坪地街道,其森林覆盖率虽然比大 鹏街道要低,但生态辐射强度值却略高于后者,这说明本研究建立的生态辐射模型有一定的合理性,能够反映生态用地分布均匀程度对人居 环境的影响,为人居生态环境研究提供了新的思路. 关键词：深圳市；人居生态环境；生态辐射；地理信息系统 中图分类号：X826 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2010)02-0279-05 Ecological radiation model research in human settlement ecological environment assessment: a case study of Longgang District of Shenzhen City. XIE Yu-feng1* 1 2 3 , LI De-bo , MA Xiao-ming , ZHANG Shu-hai (1.Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environment Protection, Nanjing 210042, China ；2.Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China ；3.College of Urban and Environment, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China). China Environmental Science, 2010,30(2)：279~283 Abstract ：The concept of ecological radiation was proposed first time in this study for ecological environmental assessment of human settlement. The GIS technology was used to develop the ecological radiation model (ERM). The urban land was classified into two categories in ERM, including ecological land and construction land. The construction land was viewed as human settlement in the current study. The ecological radiation extension of each land depends on its size and type and the land type was treated as weights in the model. According to the ecological urban construction theory and practica