广西南部桉树人工林土壤性质与水土流失特征-生态学专业论文.docxVIP

ii ii (4) 在生物量和土壤性质各指标中，与水土流失有显著负相关的指标有： 枯落物生物量、细根生物量、枝叶生物量、非毛管孔度和渗透率。 (5) 地表径流和土壤流失与降雨量之间以及地表径流与土壤流失之间均 有极显著二次抛物线关系，降雨量和养分流失之间相关性不明显，说明养 分流失的形成过程较为复杂。 (6) 桉树营林后第一年水土流失较为严重，之后迅速降低，第 2 年比第 1 年各指标降低 65%以上，与自然恢复的灌草坡相比，1～3 年生桉树人工 林地防止产流的效果更好。 关键词：广西南部 桉树人工林 土壤性质 降雨 水土流失 iii iii THE SOIL PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER AND SOIL LOSS OF EUCALYPT PLANTATION IN THE SOUTH OF GUANGXI ABSTRACT Eucalyptus is one of the most important plantation species in Guangxi. It has played an important role in relieving contradiction between wood supply and demand and expressing carbon sequestration efficiency of forest. However, with the increasingly area of eucalypt plantation, ecology problems caused by it have been given more focus. Therefore, in order to realize soil properties and the feature of water and soil loss in eucalypt plantation, and offer a reference for its sustainable management, this paper chose shrub and grass plot which had the same restore session as a comparison, pilot study and investigation have been conducted to eucalypt plantation aged 1～3 years in the south of Guangxi, five aspects have been explored, including the soil properties, the characteristics and dynamic of water and soil loss, the correlation between impact factors and soil erosion and its function model. The investigation result showed that: The forest land was heavy clay soil, unit weight was between 1.28 and 1.39 g·cm-3, acidic and pH＜5, the annual variation of unit weight and pH were not obvious. With the increasingly forest age, soil organic content, porosity, permeability and water-holding capacity were gradually increasing. With the increasingly soil depth and soil bulk density, the organic content, porosity and PAGE PAGE vi water-holding capacity were decreasing little by little. The nutrient pattern is different and its content has changed over time in allopelagic soil layer. Critical rate of rainfall, the minimum rainfall causing runoff, was increasing with years, and the eucalyptu