海岛与大陆狗尾草遗传多样性的ISSR分析-遗传学专业论文.docxVIP

辽宁师范大学硕士学位论文摘 辽宁师范大学硕士学位论文 摘 要 岛屿在生物学领域里一直是研究生态学和进化过程的理想模型。本研究利用ISSR 分子标记，通过筛选出的13个扩增条带清晰稳定、多态性丰富的引物对分布于山东省、 河北省和辽宁省的8个狗尾草种群共195个个体进行了遗传多样性分析，旨在探讨狗尾 草在海岛与大陆不同环境条件下的遗传多样性、遗传结构及遗传分化的特点。 本研究的研究结果包括： (1)共检测到148个位点，其中多态位点数为119，多态位点比率为80．41％， Shannon信息指数I为0．3661，Nei多样性指数H为0．2376，表明研究的狗 尾草种群具有较高的遗传多样性；8个狗尾草种群间的遗传分化系数Gst为 0．2931，体现出种群间有一定程度遗传分化；基因流Nm为1．2062，显示出 狗尾草种群间的基因交流并未受到地理隔离的限制； (2)根据8个狗尾草种群间的遗传距离和遗传一致性，采用UPGMA对其进行了聚 类分析，得到遗传树状图，4个海岛种群聚为一类，4个大陆种群聚为一类； (3) 比较了海岛与大陆遗传多样性的高低、基因流大小等，海岛狗尾草种群的遗 传多样性为70．30％，略高于大陆种群的遗传多样性68．24％，海岛种群的基 因流Nm为2．5255，大于大陆种群的基因流(Nm=2．1588)，说明岛屿地理 隔离对狗尾草种群间遗传分化没有产生显著影响。通过分析发现，这与4岛 的形成、生境及狗尾草的生物学特征有关。 关键词：狗尾草；ISSR-PCR；遗传多样性；海岛 Genetic Genetic diversity of Setaira viridis(L．)Beauv population between island and mainland by ISSR analysis Abstract Islands have long been important models in the study of ecology and evolutionary biology．In this study，we use ISSR markers，by screening out of 1 3 primers whose amplified bands were clear，stable，and of rich polymorphism，to analyze the genetic diversity of the 1 95 individuals of 8 populations of Setaira viridis(L．)Beauv from Shandong Province，Hebei Province and Liaoning Province．We aim to explore the genetic diversity，genetic structure and the characteristics of the genetic differentiation between the island populations and the mainland populations in different environmental conditions． The results of this study include： (1)A total of 148 discernible loci were detected，ofwhich 1 19 were polymorphic loci，the ratio ofpolymorphic loci was 80．41％，the Shannon information index(I)was 0．3661 and Nei 79enetic diversity index(H)was O．23 76，indicating that the Setaira viridis populations had a relatively high level of genetic diversity；gene differentiation among 8 Setaira viridis population(Gst)was 0．293 1，reflecting a certain degree of genetic differentiation among populations；and the gene flow(Nm)was 1．2062，showing that the geographic isolation had not limited the gene flow among the Setaira viridis populations； (2)