汉语中英源外来词的生命力差异性研究及其翻译外国语言学与应用语言学专业论文.docxVIP

ii ii 选词的简洁及通俗易懂。本研究致力于从具体数据总结出一般规律，从表面现象 演绎出背后解释，从研究结果发散出指导理论，希望对汉语词汇的发展有所裨益。 关键词：英源外来词；生命力差异性；影响因素；新概念的翻译； PAGE PAGE iii Abstract Loanwords are the product of language contact and cultural exchange. Chinese language has been communicating and exchanging with different languages to get it enriched. As English becomes the de facto international language, loanwords of English-origin play unique and important role in the Chinese vocabulary, and research on them is certainly of significance not only for the study of evolution of loanwords themselves but also to the Chinese language as a whole. This thesis focuses on the problem of vitality variance of English-origin loanwords in Chinese. It can be noticed that loanwords show variances in their vitality of serving the language. Some loanwords show strong vitality ever since they were borrowed, such as “沙发”, “幽 默”, “卡片”, “马克思主义”; and some loanwords are relatively weak in that after prevailed for a time they were gradually out of use and substituted by other corresponding words expressing the same meaning, for example, “德律风”was substituted by the new word “电话”, “德谟克拉西” substituted by “民主”, “巴力门” substituted by “议会”, to name just a few; Besides, there are also some other loanwords show resilient vitality in that after being dormant for a while they bounce back to serve the language again with autochthonous neologisms created to substitute them, for example, “麦克风” is used again with “话筒” and “沙司” with “酱汁”. Research in this thesis aims at exploring the rules of vitality variance of loanwords and figuring out possible factors affecting this thus to offer theoretical guidance to the future translation of new English concepts. This study takes quantitative research as main way to make thorough understanding of the phenomenon. By collecting loanwords from different dictionaries and literatures and analyzing their different vitality, qualitative comparison is concluded as follows. Pure transliteration serve