试论交互式土地利用规划资源科学.PDFVIP

20 卷第 5 期 资 　源 　科 　学 Vol. 20 ,No. 5 1998 年 9 月 RESOURCES SCIENCE Sep. ,1998 试论交互式土地利用规划 王正兴 ( 中国科学院自然资源综合考察委员会　北京　100101) 　　摘　要 　在处理开发和保护这一对矛盾时 ,传统作法是“自上而下”的简单方式 , 由于它忽略了基层土地 用户的愿望 ,实施时困难重重 ,效果不佳。本文“交互式土地规划”的出发点是协调个体和群体的利益冲突 : ( ) ( ) 既考虑代表全社会利益的政府规划 自上而下 ,又在具体规划中重视土地用户的切身利益 自下而上 ,鼓励 所有当事人的积极参与 ,既鼓励开发 ,又鼓励保护 ,因而具有许多优点 ,容易实施。 关键词　土地利用冲突　组织框架　交互式土地利用规划 分类号　《中图法》　F301 24 A PREL IMINARY STUDY OF MUTUAL LAND USE PLANNING WAN G Zhengxing ( ) Com mission f or Integrated S urvey of N at ural Resources , CA S , Beijin g 100101 Abstract 　One of the drawbacks of traditional “topdown ”land use planning is the neglection of land users ,hence it is difficult to have it implemented and techniques developed could not be put to operation. This situation could become even worse under market economy if the misconception continues to direct land use planning. Thus , a strategy which is favourable for both development and conservation is urgently needed. The paper introduces a new approach which has been successfully applied in other countries oriented by market system ,i. e. ,mutual land use planning. Firstly ,it admitted that conflict over land use is a common issue , which ranges from individuals to countries because various stakeholders have different aims. Second ly ,institutional frameworks are developed for conflict resolution and for efficient and sustain able land