磷钨酸钾用于催化合成生物柴油的研究.pdfVIP

12 粮食与油脂 2016 年第 29 卷第 5 期 磷钨酸钾用于催化合成生物柴油的研究 周惠良 （宁夏大学化学化工学院，　宁夏银川　75002 1 ） 摘　要：制备了六种磷钨酸钾盐，K H PW O （x=0.5 ，1，1.5 ，2.0 ，2.5 ，3 ），用于催化蓖麻油合成 X 3–X 12 40 生物柴油。研究了相同反应条件下三种钾盐的催化效果，得出催化效果最好的是K2.5H0.5PW12O40 。 考察了反应温度、原料醇种类、醇油摩尔比、催化剂用量、催化剂重复使用活性对反应的影响：反应 温度升高对反应有利；甲醇比乙醇的反应效果略好；醇油摩尔比维持在 10~26 较好；产率随催化 剂用量增加而增加。结果表明，以甲醇为原料，在反应温度403 K 、醇油摩尔比为11 ∶1、催化剂用 量15%、反应时间4.5 h 时，生物柴油产率可达85%。 关键词：磷钨酸钾盐；蓖麻油；甲醇；生物柴油 Synthesis of biodiesel catalyzed by phosphotungstate potassium ZHOU Hui-liang （College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ，Ningxia University ，Yinchuan 750021 ，Ningxia ，China ） Abstract ：Six solid acid catalyst K H PW O （x=0.5 ，1，1.5 ，2.0 ，2.5 ，3 ）were prepared to be used X 3–X 12 40 to catalyze the castor oil as feedstock for biodiesel synthesis . The catalytic effect of three kinds of potassium was studied under identical reaction conditions. K2.5H0.5PW12O40 was selected for its better catalytic effect. The reaction temperature ，raw alcohol species ，the molar ratio of methanol to oil ，and catalyst reuse activity were studied. Experimental results showed that rising temperature was favorable to the reaction ，ethanol showed the better reaction activity than methanol ，10~26 of the molar ratio of methanol to oil was better ，the yield of the product was increased with the increase of the amount of catalyst. And a yield of 85% could be obtained from the using of molar ratio of methanol to castor oil 11 ∶1 and amount of catalyst 15 % at 403K after 4.5 h with the methanol as stock. Key words ：phosphotungstate potassium salt ；castor oil ；methanol ；biodiesel