海岸带管理信息系统框架分析-环境科学专业论文.docxVIP

ABSTRACTIn ABSTRACT In this paper,a fralnewol‘k of Coastal Zone Management Information 瓢stem rCZMIS)was firstly setup thl’ough systematic analysis of its application requirements from local governments and the technical characteristics of spatial information system． With the property of coastal zone management，the CZMIS was aimed to be a spatial information system supported by Geographic Information Sj stem(GIS)with taking in the advantages of other technique，such as Remote sensing(RS)and Global Position System(GPS)，and its macro— framework was formed from designing its main application objective， internal layers and functional components． A series of technical solutions were provided for the key sections of CZMIS development，in which a set of methods for the organization and management of the spatial data were worked out through studying the data stI‘ucture，database，data standards of and data quality administration，and a practical framework of spatial analysis and application models were Call’ied out with detailed demonstration of their applications in coastal management practice． The suitability of theories and methods drawn by the paper was well testified by a case ofprovincial system．It was shown that this paper would be the technical reference tO the local marine management service for the development of their own CZMIS． Key words：Coastal zone management Geographic information systems Framework Spatial database Analysis model 第一章 第一章 绪论 1 1前言 现今fi9海岸带管理足一个涉及面f、‘、内部关系复杂的系统fj朽!， 需要综合F／．J|j沿海地区的资源、环境、II：念和社会绎济等多力丽信息， 进行必要的处理和分析，并结合专家的意见制定既fJ-理论依据义能行 之有效的篱理决策方案。传统的管理方式和技术于段已经不能满足”1 今高效率、定量化的海岸带管理的需要，因此，急需建立具有信息获 取、存储、禽询、动态更新和综合分析等功能，并能为管理部门提供 科学的决策依据的海岸带管理信息系统。 1．2国内外研究现状 海岸带管理信息系统通过对沿海地区社会经济及海洋资源、环境 凄素的综合分析，实现海岸带管理决策支持服务。它的处理与分析对 象是反映沿海地区十}会、经济、资源和环境的各类信息，人都具有窄 问分布的特性。因此，海岸带管理信息系统从一开始便定位在宅间型 的计算机软件系统，并且主要立足于地理信息系统(GIS)、遥感(Rs) 和伞球定位系统(GPS)等多种空间信息技术的综合利用。 1．2．1国外研究现状 国际卜有许多利用GIS、RS等高新技术辅助海岸带综合管理的成功 范例。例如美国建立了海洋生物数据库，并利用卫星、水动力、气象 数据、渔场和生态系统数据等信息建立了切萨皮克湾地理信息系统， 它町以输