激光增材制造(3D打印)制备生物医用多孔金属工艺及组织性能研究-机械工程专业论文.docxVIP

II II 激光增材制造(3D 打印)技术制备生物医用多孔金属工艺及组织性能研究 穿多个熔覆层且呈外延生长的粗大柱状晶组成，柱状晶的的生长方向沿着堆积层的方 向生长，由于温度梯度的影响，远离基材区域的晶粒尺寸大于靠近基材区域的晶粒尺 寸，原始柱状晶的内部微观组织由细针状α相马氏体组成。多孔 316L 不锈钢的微观 组织主要由等轴晶和枝晶组成，等轴晶晶粒平均尺寸约为 1.2μm~1.4μm，枝晶晶粒的 宽度约为 0.8μm~1.0μm；枝晶的生长方向沿着堆积层的方向生长，当堆积层的温度梯 度达到一定时，枝晶向等轴晶发生转变；压缩断口形貌表明断口由均匀细小的圆形韧 窝组成，表明其压缩破坏方式为韧性断裂。 生物相容性研究表明：多孔金属材料的粗糙表面以及内部的多孔结构有利于金属 表面周围营养液的富集，使得细胞在生长过程中有充足的养分提供其生长，多孔金属 材料有适合于细胞生长的环境，有利于细胞后续的生长；采用 WST-1 方法对三种多 孔金属材料进行细胞增殖实验研究，发现随着培养时间的延长，多孔钽逐渐表现出较 强的促进细胞增殖的能力，当培养时间为 7 天时，多孔钽表面的光强度比多孔 Ti6Al4V 合金、多孔 316L 不锈刚表面的光强度高，进一步表明多孔钽试样表面的细胞增殖能 力强于多孔 Ti6Al4V 和多孔 316L 不锈钢试样。 关键词：激光增材制造(3D 打印)；多孔钽；多孔 Ti6Al4V 合金；多孔 316L 不锈钢； 生物相容性 作 者：李 洋 指导老师：陈长军 PAGE PAGE IV Study on the process and properties of porous metal prepared by laser additive manufacturing (3D printing) Study on the process and properties of porous metal prepared by laser additive manufacturing (3D printing) Abstract Laser additive manufacturing (3D printing) is a new and rapid laser prototyping technology. Since the porous metal has similar characteristics with the human bone in the pore structures and mechanical properties, laser additive manufacturing (3D printing) is widely applied to fabricate biomedical implants. Because the laser additive manufacturing (3D printing) is a rather new technology, there are not many reports on the preparation of porous metals on the microstructure evolution mechanism or on the biocompatibility of the porous metals. Therefore, there is a great need to perform the research on mechanical properties of the porous metal implant materials, microstructure and biocompatibility by laser additive manufacturing (3D printing) technology. Laser additive manufacturing (3D printing) technology is used to fabricate the biomedical porous metal materials. The influence of processing parameters (scanning interval d) on the pore structures, the mechanical properties, microstructure and biocompatibility of three different porous metal materials (porous tantalum, porous Ti6Al4V alloy and porous 3