巴士车厢内振动与噪音之检测.DOCVIP

巴士車廂內振動與噪音之檢測評估 Bus Interior Noise Measurement and Evaluation 研究生：李俊賢 Lee, Chun-Hsien 指導教授：王栢村 Wang, Bor-Tsuen 林鴻裕 Lin, Hong-Yuh 【摘要】 本文旨在瞭解巴士車廂內振動與噪音傳遞之現象，並探討主要噪音之來源，建立 (1)接受者測試、(2)噪音源測試、以及(3)噪音路徑測試等三種實驗規劃。測試之巴士狀態分為行進、車輛靜止狀態兩種測試，針對三種不同車型之巴士檢測各種不同行駛狀況下之車內噪音與振動。振動源及噪音源測試在比較相同引擎轉速下，車輛在不同檔位(亦即變速箱)及不同行駛狀況（亦即路面）下，探討車內噪音與振動之影響。路徑測試在分析探討隔音與隔振效果，並探討車內噪音與各部位振動噪音之頻譜關聯性。除了對三部巴士做個別之分析探討外，並综合三部巴士之檢測結果提出比較分析，以提供製造廠於巴士噪音與振動之改善方法依據。結果顯示，不同車型之車內振動與噪音受變速箱傳動系統以及路面激振影響效應各有差異，而主要影響為引擎轉速。本文建立巴士車廂內各部位之振動與噪音傳輸路徑實驗規劃，可瞭解其傳遞效果之差異，有助於現況評估以及作為未來巴士車內振動與噪音改善之參考依據。關鍵字：印刷電路板、有限元素分析、實驗模態分析、模型驗證、簡諧響應分析、頻譜響應分析、響應預測 關鍵字：巴士、振動、噪音、路徑、八音頻帶、線性頻譜 【Abstract】 Bus interior noise and vibration affecting the passenger comfort is an important issue. This work presents the experimental approach to discuss the noise source as well as the propagation path to bus interior noise and vibration. This work establishes three types of tests：(1) Receiver test, (2) noise source test, and (3) noise path test. The test bus conditions include both in-running and in-statics. Three types of buses are tested in this work. The measurement experiments are planned to study the effect of transmission lines and road excitation on bus interior noise and vibration. The sound and vibration spectra are also studied to correlate their relation. Besides the analysis and discussions for each individual bus, a comparison study is also made for the three buses to provide the manufacturer with the noise and vibration improvement plan. Results show the effect of transmission power line and road excitation on bus interior noise and vibration are quite different. The major effect is the engine rotational speed. This work also presents the analysis and proposes the strategy, in particular, for reducing bus interior noise. The frequency range below 1000Hz can be the major concern. This work establishes the noise and vibration measurement layout to study the bus interior noise and vibration and carries out the experiments which r