几类非线性偏微分方程行波解的分支-应用数学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 摘 摘 要 摘 要 随着科学技术的不断发展，非线性科学作为数学理论与实际应用之间的桥梁，在 工程实际和自然科学的各个领域都有广泛应用.而探求非线性系统的解及其所具有的 特性，则成为非线性科学研究中的重要课题. 本文主要利用动力系统理论、分支理论和直接方法研究了一类非线性偏微分方 程(NPDEs) 和一类广义非线性发展方程(GNEE). 对这类非线性偏微分方程(NPDEs)，本文证明了该系统存在光滑孤立波解、扭结 波解和不可数无穷多光滑周期波解.利用 Jacobi 椭圆函数求出了在参数取某些值时系 统的显式精确行波解.并给出不同的参数条件下方程的光滑孤立波解、扭结波解、不 可数无穷多光滑周期波解存在的各类充分条件. 对广义非线性发展方程(GNEE)，由于此系统存在奇性，本文先利用非退化的尺度 变换将其化为正则系统:然后利用微分方程定性理论来研究此正则系统，证明了系统 不但存在光滑行波解，而且存在由奇异直线所导致的非光滑孤立波解和非光滑周期波 解:最后给出系统的显式精确行波解，在不同的参数条件下，分析了方程光滑和非光 滑行波解存在的各类充分条件. 关键词: 孤立波解; 周期波解; 行波解; 分支理论; 非线性偏微分方程. 万方数据 I – – – PAGE IV – 万方数据 Abstract With the persistent development of science and technology, nonlinear science, as the bridge between mathematical theory and practical application, is applied to various field of natural science extensively. Solving nonlinear equations and researching characteristics of the solutions have become an important thing in the field of nonlinear science. In this paper, the theory of dynamical systems and the theory of bifurcation and the direct method are used to investigate a class nonlinear partial differential equations(NPDEs) and a class of generalized nonlinear evolution equations(GNEE). For a class of nonlinear partial differential equations(NPDEs), the existence of smooth solitary wave solutions, kink wave solution and uncountably infinite many smooth periodic wave solutions is proved. By using Jacobi elliptic function, we obtain some exact explicit parametric representations of travelling wave solutions of the equa- tions. Under different parametric conditions, various sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of the above travelling wave solutions are given. For a class of generalized nonlinear evolution equations(GNEE), because of the singularity of the generalized nonlinear evolution equations(GNEE), we transform the equations into regular systems by using nonsingular scale transformation. And then we study the corresponding regular systems by using qualitative theory of differential equations. The e