基坑开挖降水引起的地表沉降研究-建筑与土木工程专业论文.docxVIP

浙江大学硕士学位论文 浙江大学硕士学位论文 基坑开挖降水引起的地表沉降坌堑 堡竖堕!塑! 基坑开挖降水引起的地表沉降分析 摘要 基坑工程降水对周围地表沉降的影响已引起广泛关注，但目前尚缺乏合理 有效的计算方法。本文运用水力学和土力学的基本理论，在一维竖向渗流的假 定下对均质土和成层土中基坑开挖降水引起的坑内外土中应力变化及周围地表 沉降的计算方法进行了较深入的研究，推导了相应的地表沉降等计算公式。进 而利用本文公式对实际基坑降水工程进行了计算与比较分析，同时还提出了减 小降水对周围环境危害的措施。 研究表明，基坑降水及由此引发的渗流使土中有效应力改变是基坑周围地 表发生沉降的根本原因。地表沉降不仅取决于坑外降水深度和坑内外水头差， 还与土层的渗透性有关。采用降低坑底土层渗透性的措施和选择最佳的降水深 度能有效地控制坑外地表的沉降。 关键词：基坑开挖；降水；一维渗流；地表沉降：解析解 塑坚查兰堕主芏壁笙茎 塑坚查兰堕主芏壁笙茎 一 薹垫堑丝壁查!!垄塑些壅堡壁坌堑 一一—堕塑兰I_!!堕 Analysis of Settlement of Ground Surface Induced by Dewatering in Excavation Abstract The influence of dewatering on the settlement of ground surface surrounding a pit is one ofthe key problems in excavations．However,there is 110 a reasonable and reliable evaluating method so far． In this thesis，based or／the principles of坶draulic mechanics and soil mechanics， the change of effective stress in soil m嬲s and the settlement of ground surface induced by dewatering durinlg excavation bom in homogeneous soil and in layered soil were studied．Analytical formulas for calculating the settlement and the others were derived under the assumpaon that the seepage induced by dewatering is one—dimensional and vertical．Furthermore，with the formulas as basis，a practical case of excavation was analyzed．and the obtained results、vefe compared with the field measurements．Meanwhile,engineering method was proposed to reduce the damage to surroundings resulted from dewatering in excavation． It was shown that the changes in effective stresses induced by dewatering and seepage ale the main factors causing settlement of ground surface．The settlement depends on not only the depth of dewatering but also the permeability of soil．By reducing the permeability of soil at the bottom of pit and selecting optimal dewatering depth，the settlement ofground surface can be well controlled． Keywords：Excavation；dewatering；one—dimensional seepage；settlement ofground surface；analytical solution Il 浙江大学石贞士学位论文 浙江大学石贞士学位论文 基坑升挖降水引起的地霆望堕坌堑 堕塑婴—型! 第一章绪论 §1，1引言