黄河三角洲重盐碱地生态开发模式研究-农业推广专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 根据对黄河三角洲重豁碱地生念丌发模式的分析研究，对“上农下渔”和“暗管排 水”豁碱地丌发技术的环境价值和经济价值进行了评价。该研究从可持续发展的角度， 结合本区域经济发展状况和农民种养习惯，为在滨海重盐碱地改良中根据自然条件、社 会条件和生态价值的不同选择适宜的开发利用方式提供科学依据。 结果表明：两种丌发模式均可有效改良盐碱，提高土地承载力，固定二氧化碳、减 少温室效应，具有显著的经济、社会和生态价值。其中“暗管排水”开发模式，较适合 F砂性{：壤，投入较少，生念价值较高，但是经济收益相对较低。开发的条田面积较大， 易于机械化作业，人均可管理面积较大，符合当地农民种植习惯，可有效缓解国家耕地 紧张的局面。“上农下渔”模式，较适于土质粘重的土壤，经济收益相对较多，单位面 积用工量较大，可安置较多农民就业，可有效提高农民生活水平，促进了产业结构调整 和优化。但该模式生产管理难度大，渔业养殖需水量较大，在目前淡水资源短缺的形势 下，大面积推广受到制约。 两种丌发模式是盐碱地开发的高效生态开发模式，对于增加耕地面积，提高农民收 入，解决三农问题，建设社会主义新农村具有重要意义。在开发中需要根据自然条件和 社会条件的不闻，峰持综合效益和可持续发展的原则，做到合理开发利用，以使宝贵的 土地资源发挢最大的效益。 关键词：盐碱地，黄河三角洲，生态开发，上农下渔，暗管排水 YeHow YeHow R目ver delia Pe．safine ecological development model of analysis Song Shaox ian(Agriculture) Directed by Prof．Wei Zhenxiang Abstract The research evaluated the environmental and economic value of、agriculture—up and fishing—down’and’underground pipe drainage about technique developing of saline and alkaline land．This paper based on the former research achievements and the formated characteristics of the saline and alkaline land in the Yellow River delta．From the view point of sustained development，the research combined development state of local regional economies and farmer’S breeding habits．The purpose of the research was to provide the scientific evidences for choosing appropriate way of development and utilization in the light of natural and social conditions and ecological value in reclaiming saline and alkaline land， especially high saline and alkaline land of sea band． The results obtained indicated that two developing models were all valid in reclaiming saline and alkaline land，enhancing land carrying capacity,fixing carbon dioxide and reducing greenhouse effect．So they had remarkable economical societal and ecological values．The development model of’underground pipe drainage、was suitable for sand property soil． ，I’hough the earning per unit was relatively low,the input was also relatively low and required less investment．Furthermore，stripe field was large，a great