水下盾构隧道接缝渗漏规律的模型试验研究-岩石力学与工程学报.PDF

第38 卷 第X 期 岩石力学与工程学报 Vol.38 No.X 2019 年 X 月 Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering XX ，2019 水下盾构隧道接缝渗漏规律的模型试验研究 路 平，陈 灿，廖陈畅，张友良 (海南大学 土木建筑工程学院，海南 海口 570228) 摘要：为研究水下盾构隧道接缝处的渗漏规律，设计了一套恒水压下盾构隧道渗漏的模型试验装置，对隧道拼装 方式、漏缝宽度及漏缝位置不同时的漏水漏砂规律进行了试验研究，揭示了渗漏对漏缝周围土体受力与变形的影 响。试验结果表明：临界缝宽几乎不受漏缝位置的影响。临界缝宽下漏水量不收敛且与渗漏方向有关，隧道拱腰 处接缝的漏水速率约为拱顶处的 2 倍；而漏砂量 4 min 内均已收敛且与应力土拱的形成有关，隧道拱脚处漏缝旁 的土压力增量最大，应力土拱最难稳定，其漏砂量约为拱顶处的 3 倍。漏砂的特征粒径从原始级配开始逐渐降低， 最终更小的颗粒被吸附在大颗粒骨架周围不再漏出，漏缝旁的土压力增幅约 60%，且土压力增量与渗漏砂水质量 比正相关。拱脚漏缝渗漏时土体表层沉降最显著，错缝拼装渗漏时表层沉降的平均影响范围更广。 关键词：隧道工程；盾构隧道；模型试验；土拱；渗漏位置；漏砂 中图分类号：U 45 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000 –6915(2019)XX –0000 –00 Model test on joint leakage in underwater shield tunnel LU Ping ，CHEN Can，LIAO Chenchang ，ZHANG Youliang (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture，Hainan University ，Haikou ，Hainan 570228，China) Abstract ：In order to investigate the leakage law of underwater shield tunnel joints，a set of model test device was designed to observe the leakage process of shield tunnel under constant water pressure. Tests for the leakage law from various assembly patterns，leak widths and locations were carried out. The influence of the leakage on soil stress and deformation around the leak was also revealed. The experimental results show that the critical width of the leak is almost unaffected by the leak locations. The water leakage under critical width is non-convergent and is related to the leakage direction. The leakage rate at the tunnel hance is about twice that at the tunnel vault. However ，the sand leakage of all leaks has been convergent within 4min and is related to the form