粘液纤毛清除防御系统临床意义.pptVIP

存在于终末细支气管以上的气道内，夹杂在柱状纤毛上皮细胞之间，随支气管分支变细杯状细胞数量逐渐减少， 在气管和大支气管内柱状纤毛上皮细胞与杯状细胞的比例为4～5:1， 细支气管内二者的比例为几百比1， 呼吸性细支气管的粘膜上皮内已无杯状细胞。 Mucosal hydration and mucociliary clearance are the bodys natural mechanisms for cleansing and/or protecting epithelial surfaces, such as those in the lung, eye and sinuses. Mucosal hydration requires a coordinated balance of salt, water and mucus and is necessary to maintain proper function of such epithelial surfaces. In addition, the process of mucociliary clearance is important in those target organs, such as the lungs and sinuses, containing ciliated epithelial cells. Inspires founding scientists initially demonstrated that P2Y2 receptors stimulate various components of the process of mucociliary clearance in the lung (e.g. salt and water transport, ciliary beating and mucin secretion). Inspire has continued to elucidate the role of P2Y2 receptors in the regulation of mucosal hydration and mucociliary clearance in the respiratory tract as well as other target organs. For example, P2Y2 receptors are believed to be involved in maintaining proper hydration and lubrication of the eye surface. Therapeutic agents are under development to be delivered to mucosal surfaces to activate the P2Y receptors of interest. 糖蛋白的合成包括蛋白质和多糖的合成，以及蛋白质与多糖结合形成糖蛋白。蛋白质的合成过程与蛋白质分泌细胞基本相同，多糖在高尔基复合体合成，并在此与蛋白质结合成糖蛋白。然后形成分泌颗粒，聚集在细胞顶部，以出胞方式将分泌物释放到细胞外。 periciliary fluid nonciliated columnar cells (microvilli) minimal glycoprotein, serum protein 10 ?m thick 1 to 2 L per day Mucus + ciliated epith. work together 6 mm/min. (range 1 - 20) 10 - 20 min. to clear inhaled particles 100% particles 4 ?m removed an array of usually 9 doublet microtubules arranged around a central pair. A motor protein called dynein attached from A microtubule and interacts with B tubule of another pair through a globular head. The whole structure is called an axoneme The beat pattern of airway cilia. 纤毛在腺苷三磷酸盐等能源作用的推动下，纤毛杆先向后弯曲，其顶端呈爪样突起，在迅速出现的排击动作中，带动了可以接触到的凝胶层向前移动，然后就缓慢恢复到原位。此排击动作与复原两期动作的时差约为1：3