翻译的技巧篇介绍.pptVIP

4. She tried hard to perform well, but the costume was not cooperating. 译文一：她努力试图表演得好，但服装就是不合作。 译文二：她努力好好地滑，但是服装就是不听话。 译文三：她尽了最大努力，但运动衣掉下来的带子总是影响她。（叶子南译） 译文四：她尽了最大努力，但运动衣上掉下来的带子妨碍了她的发挥。 实译与虚译 中国文化思维方式具有较强的具象性，西方文化思维方式则具有较强的抽象性。 汉语重实，重形象，喜用具体的表现法，较少使用表示抽象概念的名词。 英语使用抽象名词的频率明显高于汉语。 在英译汉中，一方面注意抽象名词的词性转换，一方面考虑实译与虚译的关系。 所谓实译：是指将词义或词组意义从抽象引向具体，从一般引向特殊，从概括引向局部，从“虚”引向“实”的过程。 所谓虚译，是指将词义或词组意义从具体引向抽象，从特殊引向一般，从局部引向概括，从“实”引向“虚”的过程。 实译取向 1. Action and foresight will be needed as well as learning and reputation. 不但需要有博学德高的学者，而且需要有远见卓识的实干家。 2. He wished to try his luck by inviting the beautiful, young lady to dance, but met with a rebuff. 他想试试运气，请那位年轻貌美的女士跳舞，结果碰了一鼻子灰。 3. However， such measures touch only the tip, but not address the basis of the problem. 然而，这样的措施只不过是蜻蜓点水，并没有触及问题的根源。 虚译取向 1. I learned yesterday that their eldest son has been twice sent to prison. I wonder how many other skeletons theyve got in their cupboard. 我昨天才听说他们家大儿子坐过两次牢。真不知道他们家还有多少见不得人的事情。 2. Foreign competition has taken the wind out of the sails of the U. S. automobile industry. 国外的竞争势力已经使美国的汽车工业陷入颓势。 3. The plan for a new swimming pool had to go by the board. 建新游泳池的计划只能落空了。 褒译与贬译 词语翻译的褒义与贬义是由语篇上下文决定的，但是最终是落实在词语翻译上。 一、原文词语褒贬义明显，翻译时相应译出。 1. He was a man of high renown. 他是位有名望的人。 2. Henry keeps boasting that he has talked to the President. 亨利总是吹嘘说他曾同总统谈过话。 3. Girls were all smiles on hearing the good news. 听到这个好消息，姑娘们个个笑逐颜开。 根据上下文决定褒贬义 译成褒义词 The two politicians talked for no more than five minutes, at a significant moment in their careers. 两位政治家交谈了仅仅五分钟，这次谈话是在他们一生事业的重大时刻进行的。 译成贬义词 They arrested me as a spy and sent me out through Poland. 他们把我当作“间谍”而逮捕了我，并取道波兰把我驱逐出境。 He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds. 他欺骗了我，使我成了他罪恶勾当的工具。 倒译与顺译 倒译 并不是独立存在的翻译技巧，与其他翻译技巧结合在一起的，尤其是“拆译”和“被动式的译法”紧密联系在一起。 分成词组倒译和句子倒译。 词组倒译：absent-minded; well-conducted; northeast; southeast. 句子倒译比较复杂，不同译者处理的方法各不相同，甚至不一定倒译。 复合句倒译 1. They were sons of the men who had left their homes and taken to the mountains with t