百白破疫苗接种不良反应原因分析及预防对策.doc

PAGE PAGE 1 百白破疫苗接种不良反应原因分析及预防对策 谢亚利 李汉华 李贺兰 肖瑞 [摘要] 目的：分析百白破疫苗预防接种不良反应的原因和预防对策。 方法：对接种吸附百白破疫苗出现不良反应的病例进行回顾性分析总结。 结果：18~24月龄加强免疫组儿童不良反应发生率（含局部反应发生率、全身反应发生率）高于3~6月龄基础免疫组儿童（P＜0.01），夏秋季不良反应发生率高于冬春季（P＜0.01），吸附全细胞百白破联合疫苗不良反应发生率高于吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗（P＜0.01）。 结论：接种吸附百白破疫苗时要注意充分摇匀药液，选择正确的接种部位和接种途径，严格消毒接种部位，并做好接种前后的卫生保健宣教工作；遇高温天气适当推迟接种；推荐使用吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗。 [关键词] 预防接种；不良反应；吸附全细胞百白破联合疫苗；吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗。 Diphtheria-Pertusis-Tetanus vaccine causes adverse reactions and preventive measures. XIE Ya-li, LI Han-hua, LI Huo-lan, et al. (Dongkeng hospital of Dongguan city, Dongguan 523451, Guangdong ,China) Abstract：Objective Analysis of Diphtheria-Pertusis-Tetanus vaccine-preventable cause of adverse reactions to vaccination and preventive measures. Methods Adsorption of Diphtheria-Pertusis-Tetanus vaccination vaccine adverse reaction cases were retrospectively analyzed and summarized. Result 18 ~ 24-month-old children to strengthen the immune group the incidence of adverse reactions (including the incidence of local reactions, the incidence of systemic reaction) was higher than 3 to 6-month-old children based on immunohistochemistry (P＜0.01), summer and autumn is higher than the incidence of adverse reactions winter and spring (P＜0.01), Adsorption of whole-cell Diphtheria-Pertusis-Tetanus vaccine the incidence of adverse reactions higher than the adsorption of acellular Diphtheria-Pertusis-Tetanus vaccine (P＜0.01). Conclusion Diphtheria-Pertusis-Tetanu vaccine adsorbed vaccine shaken to the attention of the full solution, choose the correct way of immunization and vaccination site, strict disinfection of injection site, and do a good job before and after vaccination of health care and education; case of high temperatures appropriate to defer vaccination; recommend the use of adsorption acellular Diphtheria-Pertusis-Tetanu vaccine. Key Words Vaccination; Adverse reactions; Adsorbed whole-cell Diphtheria-Pertusis-Tetanus vaccine; Adsorption acellular Diphtheria-Pertus