硫酸盐纸浆漂白的基础及漂白流程的变迁.pdfVIP

硫酸鹽紙漿漂白的基礎及漂白流程的變遷 硫酸鹽紙漿漂白的基礎及漂白流程的變遷 蘇裕昌＊ Fundamentals of Bleaching for Kraft Pulp and Changes of Bleaching Sequence Yu-Chang Su* Summary The main purpose of chemical pulp bleaching is to remove, or to discolor dark substances, mainly lignin residue, from unbleached pulp. On the contrast, bleaching of mechanical pulp is lignin preserving bleaching. Conventional bleaching sequence for kraft pulps varies, most commonly multi-stage bleaching such as C-E-H-E-D using chlorinated bleaching chemicals namly elemental chlorine, hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide and alkaline extraction stage in between. However, discharge of bleaching effluents causing environmental and ecological impact. From1990, reducing chlorinated chemicals to elemental chlorine and hypochlorite (H) and switched to as ECF sequence. And further by use ozone, peroxide and per-acetic acid to substitute chlorinated bleaching chemicals in bleaching sequence and totally chlorine-free bleaching process were established. In this paper ，Fundamentals of bleaching , delignification reaction of bleaching stages of bleaching chemicals during bleaching of sulfate pulp , and changes of bleaching sequence for kraft pulp from the 1960s to the present were introduced and discussions from the technological and environmental views were conducted. Some case studies and comparisons of ECF bleaching and TCF bleaching were also mentioned. Key words ：Bleaching of pulp; Conventional Bleaching ; ECF Bleaching ;TCF Bleaching; Sulfate pulp 此相對的，機械紙漿的漂白為木質素保存的漂白，僅將有色 一、緒言 物質無色化或淡色化。化學紙漿漂白的關鍵技術為如何在多 紙漿漂白的目的隨紙張的最終使用目的的要求有各式 段漂白流程如 C(Cl )- E(NaOH)- H(HClO)-E(N