门控分幅相机的能谱响应特性研究-精密仪器及机械专业毕业论文.docxVIP

在紫外能谱响应实验的基础上，利用北京同步辐射装置 3B3 实验站的单色 X 射线进行了三种金阴极 MCP 探测器在 X 射线段(2.1～6keV)的能谱响应的标定实 验。标定结果表明： ①如理论所预言，金阴极 MCP 的能谱响应总体上是随入射光子能量增大而衰 减的。但其中会因为某些元素的吸收边而存在一些陡峭的小峰。 ②入射角越大，则增益值越小，能谱响应也越低。由于实验时 X 射线正入射 到 MCP 板表面，因此 X 射线的入射角等于 MCP 的斜切角，斜切角小的 MCP 探 测器的能谱响应度好。 ③当金阴极膜深入到微通道内壁上的深度太深时，势必会影响到铅层对二次 电子的倍增作用，同时也会使金对 X 射线的吸收边更明显，从而掩盖铅的部分吸 收边。 ④MCP 输入面的金膜越厚，则阴极量子效率越高，但阴极覆层太厚，又会造 成通道口的堵塞。选择最佳的阴极结构和厚度，可使阴极对 X 射线的光电转换效 率达到最优。 因此，从分幅相机能谱响应的理论和实验综合来看，相机的能谱响应主要与 阴极的吸收系数、阴极材料的结构参数、MCP 基底材料对 X 射线的吸收系数、二 次电子发射能力等因素有关。通过减小 MCP 斜切角，适当增大金阴极膜的厚度等 方式可提高相机的能谱响应度。 关键词：金阴极，分幅相机，能谱响应，X 射线，紫外光 ABSTRACT The gated framing camera has been the core diagnostic equipment in ICF experiments,it plays a very important role in the fields of hohlraum physics, X-ray radiation transportation, radiation ablation, and so on. Recently,the framing camera using has been confused by many problems,such as the quantum efficiency is uncertainty,the energy sensitivity curve is unknown,the influencing factor of the response is undefined,and so on.These problems made the experimental result can’t be accurately quantified.Thus,the study of the energy sensitivity of gated framing camera is very important to the broadband X-ray imaging,which is radiated by high-energy and high density plasma. After investigating the essential structure,the working principle and the primary parameters of gated framing camera in depth,a 2D theoretical model of the core component of framing camera,namely Au coated MCP’s energy sensitivity is constructed，based on the research work of American Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories. The calculational expression of the energy sensitivity is deduced，and the energy sensitivity curve is simulated using Mathematica.The theoretical research is done in many aspects，such as the photoelectric efficiency of the photocathode，multichannel effect，photoelectric effect of lead layer on the microchannel inwall，the gain of a single microchannel，and so on.For a given photocatho