年产10万吨合成氨合成工艺设计毕业设计论文.doc

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT II PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT II 年产10万吨合成氨工艺设计 摘要：合成氨是化学工业的基础，也是我国化学工业发展的重要先驱，其中氨合成工段是合成氨工艺的中心环节。本设计目的在于对年产10万吨合成氨进行设计，并简要介绍了氨的用途、现状和未来发展趋势。 在中压法和催化剂的条件下，设计合成氨合成工段的生产工艺流程，将精制的氢氮混合气直接合成为氨，然后将所得的气氨从未合成为氨的混合气中冷凝分离出来，最后在未反应的混合气中补充一定量的新鲜气继续循环反应。 在物料衡算中出塔气氨含量达到16.50%，合成氨27.778t/h，合成率为29.133%，由热量衡算得到合成塔、中置锅炉和塔外换热器的热量变化。并根据设计任务及操作温度、压力按相关标准对换热器的尺寸和材质进行选择。塔外换热器采用换热面积为546.97m2的立式列管式换热器。 关键词：氨合成 物料衡算 能量衡算 ? The Process Design of 200kt/a Synthetic Ammonia Synthesis Abstract: Ammonia is the basis of the chemical industry, but also an important pioneer of China chemical industry,in which ammonia synthesis section is the central part of the synthetic ammonia process. is to optimize outputting 200,000 t/a of synthetic ammonia synthesis is as the purpose of the design,and the use of ammonia, current situation and future development trend is briefly introduced. The production process of synthetic ammonia synthesis is designed in the medium pressure and catalyst.The refined hydrogen and nitrogen mixture is made into synthesis ammonia by the design,then took the synthesis ammonia gas out of the mixture that has not been become ammonia.At last,the mixture of not reacting is supplied a certain amount of fresh gas to continue to cyclic response. The design of raw material of gas refining section in production process the synthetic ammonia content that gets out from synthetic ammonia tower is made rich to 16.50% in material balance calculations,synthetic ammonia 27.778 t /h,synthetic rate 29.133% in this design of raw material of gas refining section in production process.The heat change of the synthesis tower,the boiler and the heat exchanger is attained by the heat balance,also we selected piping size and material according to the design operation of temperature,pressure and relevant standards.The heat exchanging area of 546.97m2 of vertical tube type exchanger is used as external heat exchanger of tower. Keywords: ammonia synthesis section;material balance accou