美国两党对新医改法的司法博弈浅析-世界史专业毕业论文.docxVIP

PAGE III PAGE III 美国两党对新医改法的司法博弈浅析 中文摘要 美国两党对新医改法的司法博弈浅析 中文摘要 2010 年 3 月，奥巴马签署新医改法①后，共和党力图寻求司法途径将其废止。 在长期诉讼中，两党围绕法案争议内容展开激烈辩论，最后由美国联邦最高法院受理 新医改法违宪诉讼案。由于联邦政府权利扩张、社会对新医改的需求以及多数大法官 的支持，最终最高院裁定新医改法中有关强制公民购买医疗保险条款不违宪，而对于 强制扩大医疗救助计划覆盖范围条款裁定违宪。该裁定一方面认可了民主党革新主 张，另一方面也满足了共和党限制国会和政府权力诉求。最高院保守的裁决内容为共 和党提供了攻击新医改法的机会，加之新医改法内容本身存在瑕疵，以及美国社会传 统保守价值观对新医改法造成的掣肘，新医改法实施前景不容乐观。 关键词：新医改法；美国；两党政治；奥巴马 作 者：罗 夷 指导老师：高芳英 ① 《保护患者和平价医疗法》（Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act）以下简称：新医改法 PAGE IV PAGE IV 英文摘要 美国两党对新医改法的司法博弈浅析 A Brief Analysis Judicial Conflict On PPACA Between The Democratic Party And Republican Party In U.S Abstract After the enaction of the Patient Protection And Afforable Care Act(PPACA),signed by President Obama on March 2010, the Republican Party tried hard to abolish the new act by legal proceeding. During the long pendente lite, the parties were immersed in a intensive argue about the disputed provisions of the new act, and, finally, the Supreme Court of united States accepted the lawsuit of whether the PPACA is conform to the Consitution. Because of the support from the majority of the judges in the court, the social demand for a new health care reform and the expansion of the federal government power in the field of public affairs, the Federal Supreme Court ruled that term about force citizens to buy health insurance ,be setted in PPACA, is constitutional, and the term to enlarge Medicaid is unconstitutional. The ruling was on one hand a support to the new health care reform, and on the other hand, met the appeal of the Republican Party to restrict the power of the Congress and federal government. The ruling offered a chance for the Republican party to attack PPACA. Meanwhile, The content of PPACA was ill-defined. And the traditional conservative values of American society provides the PPACA a hard job. Therefore, the prospect of the implement of PPACA will be gloomy. Key words: Patient And Protection and Affordable Care Act; The United States; Bipartisan-politic;