基于元胞传输模型的PI控制器设计与仿真毕业设计.doc

五邑大学本科毕业设计 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I 基于元胞传输模型的PI控制器设计与仿真 摘 要 高速公路在当今世界起着重要作用。它为出行者提供舒适高速的运行状态并且节约了出行者时间。但是随着经济的高速发展，机动车辆急剧增多导致部分时段超过了高速公路临界密度值，造成了交通拥堵。为了可以改善交通拥堵这种情况，历史上曾经尝试使用多种交通方法来缓解交通拥堵的情况，在实际情况中出现的例子有：入口匝道控制、限速控制、变向车道。现在很多地方都会使用元胞传输模型来建模，将元胞传输模型运用于入口匝道控制可以让高速公路的交通状态更好。元胞传输模型可以很好地模拟交通激波、排队形成与消散等，本文将PID控制器运用到高速公路，整定相关参数来控制入口匝道的车流量。然后使用MATLAB软件对元胞传输模型进行仿真，仿真的结果表明该模型有着很好的稳定性和动态性，并且具有鲁棒性强等特点，特别是数据应用于匝道控制的时候，对匝道的调节具有很好的效果。 关键词 高速公路；匝道控制；元胞传输模型；PID控制器 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT II Abstract Nowadays, Freeway plays a very important role all over the word. It provides comfortable and high speed running state which will save times for travelers. But with the rapidly development of economy, the vehicle increase rapidly result in a problem that freeway critical density may outstrip at some times which will lead to the traffic congestion. In order to improve the situation of traffic congestion. in the pass, There are variety of ways was used to ease traffic congestion, for example, entrance ramp control, speed control, variable to the driveway. there are many districts make use of the cell transmission model to modeling. Therefore ,the cell transmission model was used to entrance ramp control that it will perfect traffic situation of freeway. Cell transmission model can well simulate the traffic shock and the queue of formatting or dissipating and so on. this article will use PID controller to simulate freeway and setting the related parameter to control the on-ramp traffic. Cell transmission model is used by the MATLAB software to simulating, the simulation results show that the model has good stability and dynamics, and the characteristics shows a perfect robustness, especially the data make use to the ramp control, there also have a perfect regulate to the ramp. Keywords Freeway Ramp Control Cell Transmission Model PID Controller PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT III 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc19613 摘