煤油替代汽油燃料的发动机曲轴动力学模拟与仿真研究-车辆工程专业毕业论文.docxVIP

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 煤油替代汽油燃料的发动机曲轴动力学模拟与仿真研究 煤油替代汽油燃料的发动机曲轴动力学模拟与仿真研究 I I I II 摘 要 本文以 Hirth 3203E 汽油机使用煤油替代燃料课题为依托，以发动机中重要部件曲轴为 研究对象，分析其强度和扭转振动情况，防止曲轴在使用煤油燃料进行大负荷试验时意外损 坏。研究内容主要包括以下几个方面： 1.采用 UG 和 ADAMS 软件建立发动机的三维实体模型、刚柔耦合的曲轴系多体动力学 模型； 2.采用 ANSYS 软件对关键部件曲轴进行模态分析，得到了前十阶的固有频率和振型， 为曲轴扭转振动分析提供参考； 3.根据试验数据，仿真分析各个试验转速下，曲轴扭转振动和固有频率之间的关系；仿 真结果表明，曲轴的扭转振动频率在 460Hz 附近；相同转速和负荷工况时，使用煤油燃料的 曲轴扭转角幅值小于使用汽油燃料的曲轴扭转角幅值； 4.根据试验数据，仿真分析煤油和汽油燃料下部分转速和负荷工况曲轴的受力和应力情 况，得到了曲轴的应力云图，指出了曲轴的应力集中点主要集中在曲轴主轴颈和曲柄臂的过 渡圆角处与曲柄销和曲柄臂的过渡圆角处；仿真结果表明，相同转速与负荷工况下，使用煤 油燃料的曲轴最大应力值低于使用汽油燃料的曲轴最大应力值； 5．根据 GT-Power 计算数据，计算煤油燃料下最高转速、最大负荷时发动机曲轴受力和 应力情况；与汽油参考数据对比分析，验证了部分转速和负荷下的结论。仿真结果表明，原 汽油发动机的曲轴强度满足使用煤油作为替代燃料的需求。 本文的研究工作对 Hirth 3203E 汽油机使用煤油替代汽油燃料课题具有重要的参考价值 和指导意义，也为发动机曲轴的强度和扭转振动研究提供了一种方法。 关键词：煤油，替代燃料，曲轴，多体动力学，有限元分析 ABSTRACT To prevent the accidental damage of the crankshaft of Hirth 3203E gasoline engine when having a heavy load test using kerosene, the strength and torsional vibration of the crankshaft were analyzed in this thesis. The following works were mainly studied. 3D CAD models of the engine’s main components were built by UG, and rigid-flexible coupling multi-body dynamical model of crankshaft system was built by ADAMS. A modal analysis of the crankshaft was carried out by applying ANSYS software, and the intrinsic vibration frequencies and modes of the first 10 steps were got, which gave reference for analysis of torsional vibration. According to the experimental data, the relationship between torsional vibration and the intrinsic vibration frequencies was simulated and discussed. The simulation results showed that the crankshaft’s torsional vibration frequencies were around 460Hz, the crankshaft’s twist angle was smaller when using kerosene than using gasoline. According to the experimental data, the force and stress of the crankshaft were calculated, and the stress nephograms were obtained. The results showed that the stress concentration points were concentrated in the fillets between the main