城市的风环境效应与通风改善的规划途径分析.docxVIP

文章编号：1673-1530（2014）05-0097-06内城市雾霾日益严重，城市气候效应已经得到各方面广泛重视，并促使我们对当前城市 规划建设与通风问题进行反思。城市气候的 形成与城市规划和建设紧密相关，城市土地 利用与开发建设造成特殊的、复杂多变的城 文章编号：1673-1530（2014）05-0097-06 内城市雾霾日益严重，城市气候效应已经得 到各方面广泛重视，并促使我们对当前城市 规划建设与通风问题进行反思。城市气候的 形成与城市规划和建设紧密相关，城市土地 利用与开发建设造成特殊的、复杂多变的城 市气候，其典型特征表现为城市内部越来越 密不透风，静风以至无风日数越来越多，中 国大部分城市已表现出静风特征。静风、无 风状态的大气稳定导致城市内部高温异常区 域增多，污浊空气扩散困难，雾霾、灰霾日 数增多。这些由于气候环境恶化给城市发展 带来的负面环境问题有待通过改善城市规划 与建设方法来改良。运用城市规划的方法， 调整城市发展模式以及建筑、绿地、水体 等区域的空间布局来改善城市内部的自然通 风，创造适宜的城市环境，更好地为城市居 民生活服务，对于实现城市的宜居可持续发 展具有相当重要的意义。 DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2014.05.0097.06 收稿日期：2014-06-25 修回日期：2014-10-10 ??%??????????%???? ?? The Environment Effect of Urban Wind and the Planning Approach to Improve Urban Ventilation ??? FENG Xian-hui Abstract: The wind plays very important role to urban environment. The air pollution could be diffused. diluted and the extremely heat environment could be improved by the wind inside the urban. And the wind also influences the living comfortable in urban. Researches have shown that the climatic characteristics in most cities of our countr y are presented as stable air with windless condition, which results not from the change of the natural atmospheric environment, but the construction of urban. At the same time, the air pollution and heat environment, caused by the windless condition, have become the crucial hazard factor of the urban environment. This paper focuses on the urban wind environment effect and the planning method of urban ventilation. By the methods of literature analysis and case example, this paper analyzes how to guide air flow in all types of the city, and puts out the planning approach for urban ventilation base on different development patterns and scales of urban. Key words: Urban Wind; Environment Effect; Ventilation; Planning Approach Foundation item: P r ojec t suppor t ed b y the National Natural S cienc e Foundation of China: Urban Gr een Spac e Spatial Optimization S y st em Resear ch based on Local Microclimate Governing and Air Quality