第三章保险合同讲义.ppt

《保险学》北京大学经济学院郑伟讲授 《保险学原理》 授课者：孙兆斌 第三章? 保险合同 第一节??????? 保险合同概述 第二节??????? 保险合同的主体 第三节??????? 保险合同的客体 第四节??????? 保险合同的形式与内容 第五节??????? 保险合同的订立、变更与终止 第一节保险合同概述 一、保险合同的含义 二、保险合同与一般合同的共性 三、保险合同的特性 四、保险合同的基本原则 五、保险合同的种类 一、保险合同（Policy）的含义 保险合同又称保险契约，它是保险关系双方之间订立的一种在法律上具有约束力的协议：即根据当事人的双方约定，一方支付保险费于对方，另一方在保险标的发生约定事故时，承担经济补偿责任；或者当约定事故出现时，履行给付义务。 二、保险合同与一般合同的共性 （1）符合合同成立的条件。 （2）合同的当事人必须具有民事行为能力（完全民事行为能力、无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力）。 （3）双方当事人意思表示一致。 （4）?合同必须合法。 三、保险合同的特性 （一）?? 最大诚信(utmost good faith) （二）?? 单务性(unilateral) （三）?? 射幸性（机会性）(Aleatory) （四）?? 补偿性（indemnity） （五）?? 条件性（conditional contract） （六）?? 附和性（adhesion） （七）?? 个人性(person-related contact) Utmost Good Faith Utmost Good Faith Is the duty to disclose all material facts relating to the risk to be covered. A material fact is a fact which would influence the mind of a prudent underwriter in deciding whether to accept a risk for insurance and on what terms. Utmost Good Faith Examples:Motor: Details of any young driversHousehold: Details of any commercial use of private dwelling houseCommercial: Previous losses Duty of Disclosure applies to both the Proposer and the Insurer. Unilateral Contract A contract such as an insurance policy in which only one part to the contract, the insurer, makes any enforceable promise. The insured does not make a promise but pays a premium, which constitutes his part of the consideration. Aleatory Contract A contract in which the number of dollars to be given up by each party is not equal. Insurance contracts are of this type, as the policyholder pays a premium and may collect nothing from the insurer or may collect a great deal more than the amount of the premium if a loss occurs. Indemnity Restoration to the victim of a loss by payment, repair, or replacement. Conditional contract We classify insurance policy as conditional contract because insureds must perform certain acts if recovery is to be made even though an insured peril causes a loss. Typical conditions include payment of premium,prov