三维超音速旋转混合层增混作用的数值研究-流体力学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 超音速冲压燃烧发动机中的燃料和空气的混合能力在很大程度上决定了超 音速飞行器的飞行速度和效率，但在超音速混合层中，由于较大的可压缩性使得 流体混合效率很低，因此探索一种通过增加展向旋转可以大幅度提高混合能力的 方法在理论分析和实际应用上就显得尤为必要了。本文从三维柱坐标系的可压缩 N．S方程出发，以修正后的混合层Blasius解作为初始流，代入方程中进行求解。 在入口引入增长率最大的T-S波研究旋转可压缩混合层中扰动的非线性演化过 程。给出了展向曲率、展向速度、扰动频率和来流马赫数等因素对混合效率的影 响，得到以下主要结论： 1．对流马赫数接近1的平板混合层中具有最大增长率的扰动波的频率也较 低，其增长率很小。有展向曲率和展向速度的混合层扰动的最大增长率明显变大， 且不稳定波的频率范围更宽，增长最快的扰动波为高频三维波。 2．随展向曲率，展向速度的增大，法向扰动速度的峰值变大，混合层的动 量厚度、涡量以及法向涡卷起的范围也随之增大。 3．对于有展向曲率和展向速度的混合层，增长最快的高频三维扰动波在向 下游的发展过程中，流向涡会破碎，展向涡被拉伸，且向基本流的旋转中心扩展， 扰动的幅值沿法方向的分布中会在靠近旋转中心的一侧出现第二个波峰，平均速 度剖面变为有三个拐点的剖面。 4．对于有展向曲率和展向速度的混合层，随着马赫数的增大，最大扰动增 长率略有减小，但扰动的范围更容易向法方向扩大，使混合沿流动的法线方向范 围扩大，这些都有利于混合。 关键词： 三维旋转混合层 超音速 增混 数值模拟 ABSTI认CTIn ABSTI认CT In the Scramj et，the mixing competence of the fuel and air is directly related to the flight performance of supersonic aircraft。However,owing to large compressibility in the supersonic mixing layers．the mixing e衢ciency of flow iS very lOW．Therefore。it is very necessary in theory analysis and practical application to explore a new method to enhance mixing．The basic f10W constituted by amending Blasius solution iS took into the 3D compressible N．S equation in cylinder coordinates to solve it．The nonlinear evolution of the disturbalice in compressible swirling mixing 1ayer iS studied by introducing the T-S waves at the inlet of the computational domain．Some factors．involving spanwise curvature，spanwise velocity,disturbance frequency and Mach number,are presented tO enhance mixing．The conclusions are listed as follow： 1． When the convection Mach number is close to 1．the frequency of the unstablest waves in plane mixing layer iS smal l as well as the maximum amplification rate．However,the maximum amplification rate in swirling mixing layer obviously increases，and the frequency range of the unstable waves of the swirling mixing layer iS wider．The disturbance wave that grows fastest is high frequent 3D wave． 2． With the augmentation of spanwise curvature and velocity,the peak value of disturbance in radia