三维超音速边界层中三波共振和二次失稳机制的数值模拟研究-流体力学专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要从层流到湍流的转捩问题有很重要的应用背景。大多数情况下，转捩首先由 中文摘要 从层流到湍流的转捩问题有很重要的应用背景。大多数情况下，转捩首先由 小扰动的放大开始，当扰动达到一定大小后，非线性开始起作用。对不可压缩边 赛层或平面槽道流，还会出现典型的三维结构。用流动显示技术可以发现这种结 构很像希腊字母A，并且存在两种不同的A结构，一种是Klebanoff型结构(K- 型结构)，其流向周期和T-S波的相同，还有一种是由亚谐波引起的，称为N-型 结构，其流向周期为T-S波的两倍，因而与某种亚谐波对应。N-型又可以细分为 C(Craik)．型和H(Herbert)氇!。 从一些超音速流的转捩实验中，测到了亚谐波，但实验数据很少，而且缺乏 细节。 本文将通过直接数值模拟的方法，探讨在超音速边界层中，是否有产生上述 亚谐波的机制。结果表明，当入口加入一对对称三维波，在它们的非线性作用下， 流向涡和其他谐波很快地增长起来，但是三维波本身却保持线性增长。当在入口 处加入符合三波共振条件的一对三维波和一个二维波，三维波和其他谐波都很快 的增长起来。当在入口处加入了一个二维T-S波和一个频率为其一半的三维斜 波，发现的确有二次失稳机制，本文研究了三维波的增长速度与二维波幅值和三 维波展向波数问的关系。 关键字：三波共振，二次失稳，超音速边界层，T-S波 ABSTRACTAs ABSTRACT As is well known,the problem oflaminar-turbulent transition in a boundary layer is very important from practical application point ofview．In most cases， transition starts from the growth ofsmall amplitude disturbance waves．When the disturbance amplitude reaches a certain magnitude，nonlinear effect starts to play a role．For incompressible boundary layer or plane channel flow,typical three-dimensional structures would appear．By flow visualization,it WaS found that the structures 100ked 1ike the Greek letter人．There are two different kinds of A—structure，namely,Klebanofftype structure(K-type structure)，for which the stream—wise period is the sanle as those ofT-S wave。And sub-harmonic or N-type structure，for Which the stream-wise period is twice∞much as those ofT-S wave， hence corresponds to a certain sub—harmonic wave．N-type Can be further divided as C(Craik)一type and H(Herbert)一type． Sub—harmonic waves have been detected in ce舳transition experiments for supersonic flow．However,data are not plenty and lake ofdetails． In this paper,lamina-turbulent transition ofa supersonic boundary layer WaS examined by mtmerically solving the N—S equation,to see ifthe same mechanism existed for the generation of sub—harmonic waves．The results showed that when a pair ofoblique waves were introduced at the entrance,their non—linear interaction would trigger the rapid growth ofstream-wise vortex an