量子霍尔效应与非对易物理-理论物理专业论文.docxVIP

摘要摘要 摘要 摘要 分数量子霍尔效应(FQHE)的发现，带来了全新的物理，开创了研究多体现 象的新时代。边缘激发是其很重要的一个分支。 理论上用流体力学和有效Chem．Simons场论方法得N 1维的手征Tomonaga． Luttinger流体，成功描述TFQHE的边缘激发。其电子传播函数具有不等于1的非 平凡普适指数Q。实验上成功观测到7Tomonaga-Luttinger流体的存在。但测算 的Q与理论预言有差别。 另一方面，从动力学导出的非对易Chem．Simons(NCCS)理论，被证明严格 地等价于描述FQHE的洛夫林理论。 我们尝试弄清楚用NCCS是不是能更好的描述FQHE的边缘激发。在第4章， 我们成功地从NCCS导出对边缘激发的描述。 我们先从分数量子霍尔流体的不可压缩性等微观动力学性质出发得到一个 约束条件。电子的排斥性相互作用，隐含在此约束条件中。我们找到约束条件 的严格解的全微分形式，把2+1维的NCCS化简为1+1维的、带有相互作用项的手 征Tomonaga—Luttinger流体理论。通过计算边缘玻色子传播子和电子传播子的单 圈修正，我们得到修正过的、更精确的指数Q。它与实验符合的较好。 我们还研究过加速器磁场中的康普顿背散射，探索了磁场导致的空间非对 易的可能效应。 关键词：量子霍尔效应，Tomonaga-Luttinger液体，非对易场论，Chem-Simons场 论 ABSTRACTThe ABSTRACT The discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect(QHE)marked a new epoch in many—body theory and resulted in many new ideas and concepts．Its edge excitations is also an active subject． To describe the fractional quantum Hall edge，a chiral Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid theory is derived from effective Chem—Simons field and hydrodynamic formulation． The electron propagator exhibits a nontriviM power-law correlation，with an universal exponent a．A number of experiments establish the existence of Tomonaga-Luttinger- liquid-like behavior．However,the tunneUng exponent measured is different from the prediction． On the other hand，noncommutative Chern·Simons theory(NCCS)，derived from microscopic dynamics，is exactly equivalent tO the Laughlin theory． We try tO pursue whether a better description could be derived from NCCS．The formalism is in Section 4． Considering relabeling symmetry of the electrons and incompressibility of the fluid，which conceals electron-electron interaction，we obtain a constraint．Its solution as well as the action has a total differential form．SO we Call reduce 2+1 dimensional NCCS to an 1+1 dimensional chiral Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid theory,which contains interaction terms．We calculate one-loop corrections to boson and electron propagators and get a new tunneling exponent．It agrees with experiments． We also studied backward Compton scat