轮胎接触压力对沥青路面结构的影响研究-道路与铁道工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 轮胎与路面问的接触压力具有很明显的非均布性，并不同与传统的路面结构分析中 的圆形均布荷载。影响轮胎接触压力的因素主要有轮J“313仕，1：：1构类型、轮胎气压、负荷、胎 面花纹类型和路面结构类型等。本文首先根据轮胎胎面花纹类型的不同，提出接触面的 简化模型；然后参考相关轮胎与路面接触压力的测试结果，并结合本文的测试结果及轮 胎与路面接触[I三力的模拟计算结果，提出接触面内的压力分布模型，即轮胎作用于路表 的荷载简化模型：接着利用有限元软件MSC．NASTRAN对沥青路面在该荷载模型作用下的 响应进行计算分析，还讨论了轴载的变化及路面材料参数的变化对路面结构响应的影响， 并且对车辆荷载对车辙和疲劳裂缝的影响进行探讨。最后根据叠加原理，利用弹性层状 体系理论对非均布荷载作用下的沥青路面进行计算分析。 关键词：轮胎；路面；接触压力；有限单元法；弹性层状体系理论 Effects Effects of the Tire／Pavement Contact Pressure on Asphalt Pavement Abstract：Many recent researches have indicated that the contact pressure between tire and pavement is highly complex It is different from the uniformly distributed vertical stress distributions traditionally used for pavement analysis The contact pressure distribution is significantly affected by many factors，such as tire characteristics，inflation pressure，axle load， tire tread patterns and types of pavement．In this paper,two types of simplified Toad models have been put forward according to the tire tread patterns．On the basis of measured results of contact pressure on abundant literature and the computed results in this paper,simplified contact pressure models have been put forward．The finite element program MSC NASTRAN was selected to analyze the response of pavement under the two modelled loads The effects of axle lo，ad and material properties were studied，and the effects of truck load 0n permanent deformmion and fatigue crack were also discussed．Finally,the multi—layer elastic system theory is employed to analyze the pavement response under the nonuniform load． Key words：tire；pavement；contact pressure；FEM；multi—layer elastic system theory 第一章绪论§1．1 第一章绪论 §1．1 问题的提出 近些年来，随着交通运输业的不断发展，道路交通量越来越大，车辆轴载也逐渐增 大，特别是一些载重货车的轴载和轮胎胎压都在增加。道路表面的车辙和轮迹带内的表 面裂缝成为较普遍的路面病害。影响这两类病害的因素较多，主要包括同益增长的交通 量、材料的性质以及轮胎的压力、轴载和轮胎的结构类型等。最近十几年来，随着轮胎 工业的发展，子午线轮胎(Radial Tire)以其优越的性能逐濒取代斜交帘布层轮胎 (Bias—ply Tire)，并出现了宽基子午线轮胎(Wide—base Radial Tire)以代替传统的 双胎轮胎。随着子午线轮胎的大量使用，使得作用于路表的荷载特性发生变化。而传统 的柔性路面结构分析模型大都是将车辆荷载简化成双圆均布垂直荷载和单向水平荷载， 忽略了轮胎与路