英语学术论文写作技巧academic writing skills全英文版.pptVIP

Session 4: Summary Writing Features of a summary Which of the features below do you think characterize a good summary? Using the same order of facts and ideas as the original Using all the information from the original Using none of the same vocabulary as the original Using different grammatical structures from the original Emphasizing the points you feel are important in the original Giving your opinion about or commenting on the original text Stages in writing a summary Look at the following short extract from a text on Environmental Problems and Management. Imagine you have been asked to: identify the main points; make notes; write a summary based on your notes. Stage One: Decide on the purpose for summarizing the extract. State Two: Underline the key points. (This is the NOTE stage of the summary process.)? Interest in the environment is not a recent phenomenon; the environment has always affected the growth and development of humankind, both as a source of materials as well as a refuge for the human spirit. The recent interest in protecting the environment is a reflection of both the demand of society for a better quality of life, which may include using the environment as a haven, as well as the need to replenish sources. The difference between the present day and the pre-1960s ear is the extent to which concern for the environment has become important; there is much greater interest … ? Stage Three: Make a list of the key pints in note form, using your own words where appropriate. (This is the ORGANISE stage of the summary process.) interest in env. = not just recent: always int. as source of raw materials + refuge “for human spirit” reasons for recent int. = int. in “better quality of life” + need to replenish sources of raw materials cf. current int. with pre-1960s = environmental concerns now given more priority Stage Four: Write the summary based on your notes. (This is the WRITE stage of the summary process.) Sample summary: Man has