辣椒花药培养和小孢子培养研究-作物遗传育种专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 本文用包括甜、辣椒在内的．共25个基因裂为试骏材料，对基因剃，培养条件， 壤莠纂残分簿彩嚓花嚣垮莽静一鬈裂鬟要霾豢骰了繇究帮霖谚。黠夺熬予培养中获 褥于潦裹涵力，j、建子熬方法，小猿予培莠静鏊奉壤券基的选耩，诱孥小邋予魏分纯 翡蚤耱条件簿进季亍了裙步酶搽索。 小孢予发育时期与花蕾外部形态肖对应关系。瓣萼比可以作为实验中的～个取 营标穗。当瓣莓跑奁l左右辩，大郝分花蕾小强予娥在单核靠边麓。不阚搴考糕之润 这种关系存在～定差辨。 蒺霞型爱影翡茂嚣培养鼓整鼗鹣毽素。在25个擞试鏊鏊型孛s夸鸯簸浚藩茇生， 箕审A16、A17、A18母本褥闵，A17帮A21父本褶间。在零实验所麓豹激素及其浓 度范瀚瘸；不嗣基霆燮静最迸激豢浓度不两。离浓发瓣激素对出憝零较浅的基霆奎 A14、A17、A18有缩短出胚时阃的作用，同时可以刺激在低浓度时不出胚的簸因型 A45、A47滋艇。愈臻组织豹形成与嫠困鼙鸯荚，慧溺樊A14在藐瑟港羚孛辍荔愈 侥纯。培券旗孛添热溪当浓瘦(O+2％。0。5％)豹活瞧炭瓣芯莼璇莠有程，它霹爨挺进 薤状髂斡诱簿，减轻藏蓊培葬中愈穆缀缀发鸯窝藐蓊搦诧覆霾。莛蕊臻券蓊矮离洼 处理有利予胚状体的诱导，不同蕊因烈的最邋高温处理温度不同。A17的最适温度 是32℃，A18豹最适滋度是29℃。蓊瀚静竞培养翻鬻滋绪培葬不程予耧状体豹诱导。 不同基嬲型小孢予鲜活力不问，问一基因挺在不闻的生长H寸期小翘予活力不同， 不嚣懿基因爨在幂嚣翁生长羹雩期小惩予戆嚣力变藏媳不糖嚣。在藐药瓣黪孛窭殛率 穗尉态的萋缀凝，花药内小豫予活力谯要相对离一魏。 蠲横削稳药意挤毯的方法游离小孢子或花翁预壤游自然游离小孢予，第一次低转 速(300转／分)离心是一种得到干净和高活力小孢子的可行办法。PM培莽基使小孢 予话力下降太快，不遥舍激辩搬躺，j、燕子培养。在MS，N￡N，SNGM三辩培养基 审嫠霹潋魂察鬟小琵予魏黪大，分裂，在MS—k还鼹察嚣了蹇轻。这三秘培蓁釜都 有莉予小德予的脱分纯。 高温预她耀对小搬予脱分化影响照著。35℃和32℃不超过24小时的黼温培养对 小孢予脱分纯有秘。低温和曾鼯懿预处理都有利于谦持小孢予的活力。在诧翁预培 莽中，摇动蜷纂骞利予小孢子爆快从芯药中散如，嬲对花药谈培养可能蠢剩予愈伤 缒缀戆形藏，供试戆6争基戮嫠孛，A45霹A46帮蠢愈褒缀绫交瑷。 关键谰：辣椒花药培养小孢子培养瓤状棒 Abstract／n Abstract ／n vitro anther culture and microspore culture were now routinely used for producing homozygous materials quickly for hybrid breeding program．To promote pepper (Capsicum o—nuum L)hybrid breeding in BVRC(Bering Vegetable Research Center)， anther and isolated mierospore culture techniques ofpepper were investigated． 25 genotypes of pepper were used as materials．Factors influencing embryogenesis of anther culture of pepper were studied，which include genotypes of the material，plant hormones in the culture medium，pretreatment of the anthers and other culture conditions． At the sanle time，isolated microspore culture technique Was studied，first to find how to gain clean microspores with high vitality and the conditions of inducing microspore differentiation． Relationship between developmental stage of microspore and the size of flower buds Was examed．ne ratio of petal and calyx could be used as a standard to indicate the developmental stages ofmicrospores in the b