离心式压缩机内部流动的数值与实验研究-流体力学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要近年来，级环境下的流动成为叶轮机械气体动力学研究的焦点。随着数值计 摘要 近年来，级环境下的流动成为叶轮机械气体动力学研究的焦点。随着数值计 算方法及计算机的发展，对离心叶轮内部的复杂流动进行数值模拟，并与实验结 合，考察其流动规律、明确其内部的流动现象已成为重要的研究手段之一。 本文对一叶轮外径雷诺数为5．9×106，马赫数为O．8的离心压缩机级进行了 性能实验测量，得到了离心压缩机的温度、压力、效率、压比等性能参数。将五 孔探针测压技术用于离心压缩机扩压器内速度场的测量，得到了扩压器进、出口 半径不同轴向面上的速度值，对比计算结果，分析了扩压器内的流动特点。 应用计算流体软件中的SIMPLEC算法，并在压缩机内动静耦合区域采用多 重参考系法、在近壁区速度及温度的计算中采用壁面函数法，对离心压缩机整机 内部流动进行了数值模拟。计算结果与相同条件下实验结果的误差小于5％。 详细分析了离心压缩机各部件如叶轮，扩压器，回流器内的速度、压力和温 度的分布规律，并分析了影响离心压缩机效率的原因，为离心压缩机的设计、改 进和优化提供了重要的数值依据。 数值分析证明通过改变扩压器叶片的进口安装角，可以有效地改善其内部的 流动情况，推迟流动分离现象的发生，达到扩宽压缩机稳定工作范围、在变工况 下高效、稳定运行的目的。 关键字：离心式压缩机，湍流，数值模拟，实验测量 ABSTRACTIn ABSTRACT In recentyears，the studyofmultistageinternalflowshasbecomeone ofthemajor research areas in turbomachinery aerodynarnics．Wim the development of the numerical technology and computer,the combination of playsical experiments and numerical computations has become one of major ways to analyze flow rules and phenomena in the centrifugal impeller． In this paper,the capability of one centrifugal compressor whose outer diameter Reynolds number is 5．9×105 and Ma number is 0．8 is measured and the performance parameters such as temperature，pressure，efficiency and ratio ofpressure are obtained． nle velocity field in the vaned diffuser is also meaSured using the five-hole pressure probe and the velocity magnitude of different axis Slu懂ace at inlet and outlet is obtained．Combining witll result of computation,the flow rules in vaned diffuser is analyzed． Applying the SIMPLEC algorithm in CFD software，multiple reference frame at rotor-stator coupled area in the compressor and wall function in the computation velocity and temperature at near wall，the flow field of centrifugal compressor WaS computed．In the salne condition，the error between computation and experimentation is less than five percent． 刀站distribution of velocity,pressure and temperature in several section of compressor are particularly analyzed．such as impeller,diffuser and circumfluance part．It provides important numerical e