山羊和家猪冠状窦、Marshall静脉肌桥的形态学及亚微结构特征-人体解剖学专业论文.docxVIP

山羊和家猪冠状窦、Marshall静脉肌桥的形态学及亚微结构特征 山羊和家猪冠状窦、Marshall静脉肌桥的 形态学及亚微结构特征 摘要 目的探讨山羊和家猪心脏冠状窦和Marshall静脉肌桥的解剖学特征及 其血管壁的组织学构造和亚微结构特点。 方法①用大体解剖方法，观测96只山羊和40头家猪冠状窦和Marshall 静脉肌桥的形态，起止点、走行及出现率。②利用石蜡切片，HE和Marsson 染色法，观察血管壁的组织构筑。③利用透射电镜技术观察两种血管壁的亚 微结构。④利用计算机图象处理系统对肌桥、血管壁中膜细胞的各参数进行 定量分析，并与左右心房肌细胞进行对比。 结果①两种动物冠状窦和Marshall静脉肌桥的出现率大于90％，其形 态可分环形、纵形和斜形3种，它们均来源于右心房后壁，止于左心房。② 山羊肌桥和血管壁中膜的细胞排列杂乱无规律，细胞圆柱形，不分叉，具有 明显的肌原纤维丝，但肌丝比心房肌少，没有形成肌原纤维，以至细胞质松 散、空旷。线粒体丰富，位于肌丝之间。细胞核椭圆形，位于细胞中央。光 镜下闰盘不典型，电镜下闰盘简单，多以直线型为主，桥粒、缝隙连接较多， 中间连接和闭锁小带较少。少数细胞膜表面有膜小凹。③定量分析显示：细 胞横切面积、细胞核面积均大于心房肌细胞，细胞核的圆度比心房肌细胞大。 ④肌桥和血管壁存在丰富的神经纤维和神经节。 结论 山羊和家猪冠状窦和Marshall静脉表面覆盖有心肌纤维，是左右 心房的异常通道之一。山羊肌桥和Marshall静脉、冠状静脉窦中膜由心肌细 胞组成，这些细胞具备Purkinje细胞的特点，具有一定的幼稚性。 关键词 山羊，家猪，肌桥，冠状静脉窦，Marshanll静脉 Anatomical Anatomical characters ofmuscular bridge oil coronary sinus and Marshall veinin goat、s and pig、s heart Abstract Objective To probe the morphological character of muscular bridge 0n coronary sinus and Marshall vein in goat and pig heart,to probe the histological structure and ultrastructure ofvessel wall． Method 1．The morphology，stop，run and percentage of the muscular bridge on coronary sinus and Marshall vein in goat and pig heart were observed and measured by gross anatomical technology．2．To observe the histological structure of vessel wall by olefin tissue slice，HE and Marsson Histiochemical staining． 3．To observe the ultrastructure of vessel wall by electron microscope transmission technology．4．To do quantitative analysis about parameter of muscular bridge cells of media tunica．To contrast with myocyte of left and right atrium． Result 1．The percentage of muscular bridge on coronary sinus and Marshall vein in goat and pig hean was 90％．According to their morphology，the bridge could be divided into annular，longitudinal and diagonal types．2．Arrangement of cells about muscular bridge and media tunica of vessel wall in goat was disorder． They were oluinnar,non—bifurcate and had obvious myofibrillar filament which hadn’t come into being myofibril．Bu