快点火中快电子的能量沉积研究-粒子物理与原子核物理专业论文.docxVIP

Classified Index: O572 U.D.C: 539 Dissertation for the Master Degree in Science ENERGY DEPOSITION OF FAST ELECTRONS IN COMPRESSED TARGETS OF FAST- IGNITION Candidate： Fang Jinxiang Supervisor： Prof. Huo lei Academic Degree Applied for： Master of Science Speciality： Particle and Nuclear Physics Unit： Department of Phys Date of Oral Examination： June25, 2011 University： Harbin Institute of Technology 哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文 - - I - 摘 要 本文研究了惯性约束聚变快点火背景下 MeV 电子同致密等离子体间的 相互作用问题。作为惯性约束核聚变的一种备选途径，快点火引起了人们极 大的兴趣。不同于传统的中心热斑点火，快点火中预压缩的氘氚靶将被一个 外源点燃，这种点火途径不仅降低了靶压缩条件和驱动能量的要求，也能获 得更高的能量增益。快点火具有很大的优越性，但它也带来了一些难题，其 成功实现依赖于对 MeV 电子在靶核中的输运和能量沉积过程的理解和控 制。 在快点火预压缩靶核中，库仑碰撞导致的经典截止支配快电子的输运和 能量沉积，故采用连续慢化近似，忽略辐射、电子对效应、自生场对快电子 能量损失的贡献。采用考虑了屏蔽的散射截面，不进行人为截断，修正了一 些细节得到了新的电子分布函数一阶空间矩和二阶空间矩，电子能量截止率 的二体碰撞贡献部分采用 Robiche 等人给出的结果，最终得到了快电子束的 平均穿透距离、纵向离散、横向扩展。文中也讨论了快电子平均穿透距离对 等离子体密度、温度、 Z 等参数的依赖。 关键词 惯性约束核聚变；快点火；快电子；能量沉积；多重散射 - - II - Abstract The interaction of a MeV electron with a dense plasma is studied in the context of inertial fusion fast ignition. Fast ignition, an alternative approach to inertial confinement fusion(ICF), has recently attracted significant attention. In this scheme, different from the conventional approach to central hot-spot ignition, a pre-compressed DT target will be ignited by an external spark. Fast ignition relax the conditions on target compression and reduce the total energy requirements for ICF ignition, leading to higher target gain. Successful realization of fast ignition requires understanding and controlling of the transport and energy deposition of MeV electrons in the target. We are entitled to restrict ourselves to a continuous slowing down approximation because large and sudden energy losses are likely to happen very rarely over the energy range considered in this paper, radiative losses contribute can be neglected. Also, electron-position pair production remains totally negligible. In the context we considered, self-generated electromagnetic fi