课件：医学英语cells.ppt

Active Transport（主动运输） Active transport requires the energy of ATP to move molecules from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration. Notice that this is the opposite of diffusion, in which the free energy of molecules causes them to move to where there are fewer of them. Active transport is therefore said to be movement against a concentration gradient. In the body, nerve cells and muscle cells have “sodium pumps” to move sodium ions (Na+) out of the cells. Sodium ions are more abundant outside the cells, and constantly diffuse into the cell,