运营管理先进制造系统OPT幻灯片.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * 运营管理 瓶颈在哪里 贷款申请流程时间 10 + 20 + max (15, 12) + 5 + 10 = 60 Unless more resources are added at step B, the bank will be able to complete only 3 loan accounts per hour, or 15 new load accounts in a five-hour day. 1. 核查贷款文件并排序 (10 minutes) 2. 分类 (20 minutes) 3. 检查信用等级 (15 min) 6. 完成贷款文件 (10 minutes) 4. 将贷款资料输入系统 (12 minutes) 顾客 5. 是否 批准? (5 min) Yes No Bottleneck OPT系统的基本概念 Barbara’s 缝纫店 T1 (12) T6 (22) T5 (15) T2 (13) T7 (10) T4 (18) T3-a (14) T3-c (11) T3-b (10) Type A类 B类 Barbara’s 的缝纫店中根据所需要的服务可分为2类顾客. After T1, Type A customers proceed to T2 and then to any of the three workstations at T3, followed by T4, and then T7. After T1, Type B customers proceed to T5 and then T6 and T7. The numbers in the circles are the minutes it takes that activity to process a customer. 每小时可接待多少A类顾客? 如果店里的顾客有30%为A类，70% 为B类，请问平均产能为多少? A类顾客会在哪里等待? B类顾客会在哪里等待? T1 (12) T6 (22) T5 (15) T2 (13) T7 (10) T4 (18) T3-a (14) T3-c (11) T3-b (10) Type Type A Type B The bottleneck step is the one that takes the longest to process a customer. For type A customers, step T3 has three work stations and a capacity of {60/14) + (60/10) + 60/11)} or 15.74 customers per hour. Step T4 can process (60/18) 3.33 customers per hour. Thus step T4 is the bottleneck for type A customers. Barbara’s 缝纫店 平均产能：0 .3 (3.33) + 0.7(2.73) = 2.9 customers per hour. Type A customers would wait before T2 and T4 because the activities immediately preceding them have a higher rate of output. Type B customers would wait for steps T5 and T6 for the same reasons. T1 (12) T6 (22) T5 (15) T2 (13) T7 (10) T4 (18) T3-a (14) T3-c (11) T3-b (10) Type Type A Type B Barbara’s 缝纫店 Diablo 电器公司有4种产品, (A,B,C,D) 它们的需求和售价不同. 我们可以不考虑调整时间. 公司有5个工人分别操作5个加工中心V, W, X, Y, Z) 工人工资 $18/hour. 杂费 $8500/week. 工厂实行一班，每周40小时工作制 Your objective: 1. W, X, Y, or Z中哪个是瓶颈 ? 2. 利润最高的产品是哪个? 3. 最佳的生产组合是什么? Diablo 电器公司 $5 Step 1 at V (30 min) Step 3 at X (10 min) Product : A Price :